Renaissance Architecture Flashcards
Where is the birth of the Renaissance?
Italy, Florence
Where was trading prevalent?
Europe, Africa, Asia
How did trading happen?
Established Trade routes
What was the most popular trade route?
Silk Road
What did societies exchange besides goods?
People, values, beliefs, and ideals
What was the most exchanged item during this time?
Food
Who secured the ancient texts from Greek and Roman?
Islams and Jews
When did the Islam and Jews acquire the texts?
The Crusades
Who was the first to delve through the works of the Roman Philosopher?
Petrarch
Which Roman Philosopher did Petrarch study?
Cicero
Who invented the printing press?
Johannes Gutenberg
What is the core of Renaissance Art?
Humanism
How did Humanism affect Renaissance painters?
They were commissioned as architectural designers
What occurred in the 14th century that ravaged the population across Europe and Asia?
Black Plague
What was the estimated death toll of the Black Plague in Europe?
30% to 60% of Europe
What did the Black Plague cause people to question?
God and religion, leading to scientific beliefs
Who is the author of ‘10 Books of Architecture’?
Vitruvius
Whose architecture books were influenced by Vitruvius?
Leon Battista Alberti
Where did Italians decide to make an artistic shift instead of Rome?
Florence
What characterized Early Renaissance architecture?
Brunelleschi’s Drum Dome, rhythmic ornamentation, classical orders, Greek cross layout, subtle rustication patterns
What characterized High Renaissance architecture?
Centralized and colonnaded, harmonious spaciousness, superimposed arcades, quoined edges
Who was a sculptor and engineer active in Florence during the late 1300s?
Filippo Brunelleschi
Who was commissioned to sculpt the bronze relief of the Florence Baptistery?
Filippo Brunelleschi
Who did Filippo Brunelleschi lose to?
Lorenzo Ghiberti
When did Brunelleschi’s architectural career start?
1405 to 1446
What new presentation style did Brunelleschi develop?
Two-Point Perspective
What design did Brunelleschi develop that introduced herringbone brickwork?
Buttress-less design
What supports herringbone brickwork?
Lateral Tribunes
What title was Brunelleschi given in 1420 until his death in 1446?
Capomaestro or Chief Architect
Who was a Florentine architect and sculptor credited for contributions to the Florentine Renaissance Architecture?
Michelozzo Bartolommeo
Whose career is closely related to the Medici Family of Florence?
Michelozzo Bartolommeo
Who greatly revered architecture and arts?
Medici Family
What was Michelozzo’s style prominent in?
Palazzo Medici-Riccardi
With whom did Michelozzo form a working partnership in his later years?
Donatello
Who was an Italian architect, humanist, and principal initiator of the Renaissance Art theory?
Leon Battista Alberti
What do Alberti’s books on architecture, arts, and the cosmos serve as?
A reference for famous architects and painters in later eras
What was Alberti known as?
Florentine Vitruvius
Who reimagined Vitruvius’ ‘Ten Books of Architecture’?
Leon Battista Alberti
Who became the architectural adviser of Pope Nicholas?
Leon Battista Alberti
Who is the author of ‘De Re Aedificatoria’?
Leon Battista Alberti
Who introduced the High Renaissance Style in architecture?
Donato Bramante
What did Bramante’s style exude?
Geometric forms that combined mathematics and art
Who is credited as the principal architect of St. Peter’s Basilica?
Donato Bramante
What family helped shape the Renaissance Era across two generations?
Sangallo Family
Who made the Santa Maria delle Carceri?
Guiliano da Sangallo
Who made the Madonna di San Biagio?
Antonio da Sangallo the Elder
Who made the Palazzo Farnese?
Antonio da Sangallo the Younger
Who was set to fame as the greatest artist of his time?
Michelangelo
Who is credited for the Sistine Chapel?
Michelangelo
What was Michelangelo’s greatest contribution around the Vatican?
The ceiling of the Sistine Chapel
Who is known as the Prince of Painters?
Raphael
What is the greatest work of Raphael?
Stanza Della Segantura (Pope Julius II private quarters)
Who was a painter and architect from Sienna, Italy, and introduced quadratura?
Baldassare Peruzzi
Who are the five architects of St. Peter’s Basilica?
Donato Bramante, Guiliano da Sangallo, Giovanni Giocondo, Raphael Santi, Baldassare Peruzzi
What is French Renaissance Architecture popularly called?
Lombard Renaissance Architecture
What styles are included in Spanish Renaissance Architecture?
Renaissance Plateresque Style, Classical Renaissance Style, Herreran Style
What phases are included in Portuguese Renaissance Architecture?
Manueline Style, Classical Style
What characterized German Renaissance Architecture?
Ornamentation and decoration, classical orders were used extensively
What type of masonry was used by Michelozzo in Palazzo Medici-Riccardi?
Rustication
Which structure exemplified the use of classical orders in the Early Renaissance Period?
Basilica de San Lorenzo
Which structure exemplified the centralized and colonnaded plan of the High Renaissance Period?
Tempietto
Which architect introduced the High Renaissance Style?
Donato Bramante
