Renaissance

Question 1

Thomas Sydenham achievements

Answer 1

~respected London doctor 1960’s+70’s
~theorised nature of patient had little to do w disease (refused to rely on medical books-closely observed symptoms + treated disease causing them)

Question 2

Thomas Sydenham contribution to change+progression in advance. Of med

Answer 2

~moved medicine away from gal+hip into new era
~identified scarlet fever + measles as separate disease
~used/popularised printing press + royal society

Question 3

Thomas Sydenham limitations

Answer 3

Controversial to theory of opposite + 4 humours

Question 4

Andreas Vesalius achievements

Answer 4

~most famous anatomist of his period
~studied in Paris 1533
~could carry out large no. of dissections due to local magistrates encouraging

Question 5

Andreas Vesalius contribution to change+progression in advance. Of med

Answer 5

~published “Six anatomical tables” 1537 labelled diff parts of body (3/6 own drawings of skeleton) - popular
~publishes “On fabric of human body” 1543- set of books leading to maj advance over long dominant Galens work
~found 300 mistakes in Galen’s anatomical work

Question 6

Andreas Vesalius limitations

Answer 6

Controversial for criticising Galen

Question 7

William Harvey achievements

Answer 7

Discovered circulation of blood - only circulated towards heart contradicting Galen published 1628 English (1653)

Question 8

William Harvey contribution to change+progression in advance. Of med

Answer 8

~encouraged others to experiment on acc bodies

~proved we didn’t digest food to make blood - how was it nourished

Question 9

William Harvey limitations

Answer 9

~contradicts Galen - veins only carry not pressure (air you breathe + life force/soul)
~impact on 17th century was very limited

Question 10

Edward Jenner achievements

Answer 10

~GP dr in Gloucestershire
~gathered info abt (1000’s) failed inoculations
~noticed dairy maids he regularly treated for cowpox didn’t get small pox
~1796 infected boy w/ cp, tried sp 6weeks later but didn’t catch it - same w/ more locals
~published findings “vario la vaccine”latincow=vacca

Question 11

Edward Jenner contribution to change+progression in advance. Of med

Answer 11

~”varrio la vaccine” was destripes to help other dr

~parliament accepted:cheaper + safer than inoculation

Question 12

Edward Jenner limitations

Answer 12

~not able to explain why/how works

~suspicious - against animal disease

Question 13

Florence Nightingale achievements

Answer 13

Context:King Henry VIII dissolved monasteries 1530s
19th Century=more hospitals worse conditions
~her+38 others sent to Crimean war 1854: mortality rate 40%->2%
~her nursing school St Thomas 1860

Question 14

Florence Nightingale contribution to change+progression in advance. Of med

Answer 14

~figured more ppl= less sanitary= disease

~Pavilion Plan: improved vent + separated wards

Question 15

Florence Nightingale limitations

Answer 15

~didn’t understand germs

~didn’t let nurses learn germ theory

Question 16

James Simpson achievements

Answer 16

~surgical prof. Edinburgh
~discovered chloroform
~~Queen V used to give birth- popular 1853

Question 17

James Simpson contribution to change+progression in advance. Of med

Answer 17

~better anaesthetic than laughing gas
~solved one of biggest probs in surgery: pain
~led to more surgeries and more deep, complex surgeries

Question 18

James Simpson limitation

Answer 18

ALL UNKNOWN AT TIME
~chloroform dose had to be carefully controlled; east to kill
~chemicals sometimes affected heart; some healthy, young, fit ppl die
~more surgeries= infection + bleeding = bigger prob (longer) surgery