Renaissance Flashcards
Vesalius(1514-1564)
Dissected humans instead of animals and documented his findings with drawings which were published in his book ‘De Humani Corporis Fabrica’ in 1543. This faced a lot of backlash from public as his findings went against Galen (who was supported by the church and dissected animals) so many people didn’t believe what he was saying. But his book was published in England which gave his more accurate knowledge to surgeons and physicians which which would improve their understanding and therefore improving overall healthcare in Britain.
Paré (1510-1590)
He worked as an army surgeon for 20 years so experimented a lot with wounded soldiers. Hot oil was used to seal wounds but Paré came up with the mixture of egg yolk, turpentine and rose oil which did the same job as hot oil but was much less painful for the soldiers. He also used the method of ligatures instead of cauterisation to prevent bleeding after amputation: this involved tying off the blood vessels which had a higher success rate to cauterisation and was much less painful. He spread his ideas through his book ‘Les Oeuvres’ in 1575 and his ideas became famous among British doctors and surgeons. The impact of this is that, although the impact on medicine was limited due to new ideas being met with scepticism by the public and only the rich being able to afford knowledgable trained doctors, the trained doctors accepted his ideas
Harvey (1578-1657)
Harvey was a doctor in England who discovered and proved that veins had valves, the heart pumped blood around the body by beating constantly and that there was one kind of blood which circulated constantly. All of these discoveries challenged Galen who’s ideas were that blood was used up and there were two kinds that were produced by the liver. Challenging Galen’s views proved very controversial as people were religious (Galen was supported by Church) which meant that Harvey gained minimal support despite being in a strong position to influence medical ideas (doctor to King Charles and James 1st). He published his findings in ‘On the Motion Of The Heart’ in 1628 which was rejected by many people who no longer trusted him as they couldn’t see capillaries and were therefore sceptical. He received some support from philosophers and medical students. There wasn’t really an immediate impact on medicine caused by Harvey’s work until decades later when they started to be accepted. This would have had an impact on people’s views of Galen’s work and therefore the way doctors treated patients. Doctors would realise that bleeding wasn’t a method that worked as blood isn’t used up or created by the liver.
Similarities between Renaissance and Medieval.
Despite Harvey circulation of blood- treatments continued how they were in medieval times (bleeding etc…) until 50 years later.
Galen was still widely believed (4 humours)
Dissection was still frowned upon hence grave robbing.
How did pare get experience
He worked as an army surgeon for 20 years so experimented a lot with wounded soldiers.
What did pare do and how was this significant?
During his work as an army surgeon, hot oil was used to seal wounds but Paré came up with the mixture of egg yolk, turpentine and rose oil which did the same job as hot oil but was much less painful for the soldiers. He also used the method of ligatures instead of cauterisation to prevent bleeding after amputation: this involved tying off the blood vessels which had a higher success rate to cauterisation and was much less painful.
How did pare spread his ideas. Opposition and impact.
He spread his ideas through his book ‘Les Oeuvres’ in 1575 and his ideas became famous among British doctors and surgeons. although the impact on medicine was limited due to new ideas being met with scepticism by the public and only the rich being able to afford knowledgable trained doctors, the trained doctors accepted his ideas and therefore the pain that patients went through would have decreased dramatically.
What did Vesalius do? How were his ideas spread?
Dissected humans instead of animals and documented his findings with drawings which were published in his book ‘De Humani Corporis Fabrica’
How were Vesalius’s ideas spread? Backlash and impact?
book ‘De Humani Corporis Fabrica’ in 1543. This faced a lot of backlash from public as his findings went against Galen (who was supported by the church and dissected animals) so many people didn’t believe what he was saying. But his book was published in England which gave his more accurate knowledge to surgeons and physicians which which would improve their understanding and therefore improving overall healthcare in Britain.
What did Harvey do?
Harvey was a doctor in England who discovered and proved that veins had valves, the heart pumped blood around the body by beating constantly and that there was one kind of blood which circulated constantly.
What opposition did Harvey face?
All of these discoveries challenged Galen who’s ideas were that blood was used up and there were two kinds that were produced by the liver. Challenging Galen’s views proved very controversial as people were religious (Galen was supported by Church) which meant that Harvey gained minimal support despite being in a strong position to influence medical ideas (doctor to King Charles and James 1st)
However his book was rejected by many people who no longer trusted him as they couldn’t see capillaries and were therefore sceptical. He received some support from philosophers and medical students..
How did Harvey spread his ideas?
He published his findings in ‘On the Motion Of The Heart’ in 1628
What was the long term impact of Harvey’s book and ideas?
There wasn’t really an immediate impact on medicine caused by Harvey’s work until decades later when they started to be accepted. This would have had an impact on people’s views of Galen’s work and therefore the way doctors treated patients. Doctors would realise that bleeding wasn’t a method that worked as blood isn’t used up or created by the liver.
