REN Introduction (Renal Interactions) Flashcards
1
Q
What are the main roles of the kidney
A
- Eliminating compounds from the body
- Maintenance of chemical homeostasis (including pH)
- Maintenance of volume status
- Endocrine signalling
2
Q
What are the main roles of the lower Urinary tract
A
- Storage of urine
- Urination at a socially appropriate time and place
- Maintenance of continence
3
Q
What are the renal interactions with the respiratory system
A
- Regulation of pH - metabolic and respiratory acidosis and alkalosis
- Metabolic pathways for regulating renin/ angiotensin system
4
Q
What are the renal interactions with the cardiovascular system
A
- Maintaining BP through regulating volume and filling pressure
- Regulating ionic composition required for normal cardiac function
- A cause of hypertension
5
Q
What are the renal interactions with the nervous system
A
- The kidneys receive afferent innervation and efferent nerves controlling blood flow in the kidney
- Autonomic innervation of the bladder and urethra are essential for controlling storage of urine and micturition
6
Q
What are the renal interactions with the endocrine system
A
- Interactions through the renin-angiotensin system.
- Through regulating Vitamin D metabolism.
- Target of central hormonal control by vasopressin
- Target organ in patients with diabetes
7
Q
What are the renal interactions with the gastrointestinal system
A
- Kidney regulates the output of the GI system
- The gut is a rapid source of water, K+, H+ and HCO3-
- During hepatic failure hypoalbuminaemia changes the way the kidneys handle fluid
8
Q
What are the renal interactions with the haematology system
A
- Through erythropoietin, the kidney regulates the production of erythrocytes
- Haematological malignancies lead to renal disease by depositing anitboides
9
Q
What are the renal interactions with the musculoskeletal system
A
- Pelvic floor - important in continence (especially in women)
- Skeletal muscle controls the external urethral sphincter
10
Q
A
