removal of waste and water control

Question 1

a healthy kidney produces urine by?

Answer 1

• filtering the blood
• re-absorbing the sugar
• re-absorbing the dissolved ions needed by the body
• re-absorbing as much water as body needs
• releasing urea, excess ions and water as urine

Question 2

how can someone suffering from kidney failure be treated

Answer 2

dialysis machine

transplant

Question 3

what does treatment by dialysis do

Answer 3

restores the concentrations of dissolved substances in the blood to normal levels

Question 4

what happens during dialysis

Answer 4

• persons blood flows between partially permeable membranes
• fluid contains same conc. of useful substances as the blood
• this ensures glucose and useful minerals are not lost
• urea passes out from the blood into the dialysis fluid

Question 5

what happens in the rejection of a kidney transplant

Answer 5

antigens are proteins on the surface of cells. the recipient’s antibodies may attack the antigens on the donor organ as they are not recognised

Question 6

what can be done to prevent rejection

Answer 6

• donor kidney has to have a similar tissue type to the recipient
• recipient treated with drugs that suppress immune system

Question 7

two wast products which have to be removed from the body and how

Answer 7

C02- produced by respiration and removed by lungs when we breath out

Urea- produced in the liver by the breakdown of amino acids and removed by the kidneys I’m the urine which is temporarily stored in the bladder