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[OS 201] Removal Exam > Removal Exam (A.Y. '12-'13) > Flashcards

Removal Exam (A.Y. '12-'13) Flashcards

1
Q

<p>Which of the following best describes the primary composition of the reticular layer of dermis?

A. dense regular connective tissue
B. dense irregular connective tissue
C. loose connective tissue
D. adipose connective tissue</p>

A

<p>B</p>

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2
Q

<p>Which is a function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum?

A. Detoxification of alcohol and drugs
B. Oxidation of long chain fatty acids
C. Protein synthesis
D. Phagocytosis of ingested microbes</p>

A

<p>A</p>

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3
Q

<p>Which gland has both exocrine and endocrine function?

A. Thyroid
B. Pituitary
C. Pancreas
D. Adrenal gland</p>

A

<p>C</p>

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4
Q

<p>Which is the first anucleate stage of the erythrocytic series?

A. Basophilic erythroblast
B. Reticulocyte
C. Polychromatophilic erythroblast
D. Normoblast</p>

A

<p>B</p>

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5
Q

<p>Which surface modification increases the absorptive capacity of the proximal convoluted tubules of the kidney?

A. Cilia
B. Stereocilia
C. Villi
D. Microvilli</p>

A

<p>D</p>

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6
Q

<p>Which is true of megakaryocytes?

A. Largest cells in the normal peripheral blood smear
B. Each divides several times to give rise to thousands of platelets
C. Undergo nuclear duplication without cytoplasmic division
D. Formation does not involve production of granules</p>

A

<p>C</p>

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7
Q

<p>Which blood cell is more likely to be increased in patient with intestinal parasitism?

A. Neutrophils
B. Eosinophils
C. Basophils
D. Lymphocytes</p>

A

<p>B</p>

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8
Q

<p>Which of the following bonds have the strongest chemical linkages?

A. noncovalent
B. covalent
C. ionic
D. hydrogen</p>

A

<p>B</p>

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9
Q

<p>Which of the following characteristics is true regarding a compound that is capable of forming hydrogen bonds?

A. The compound is probably held together by noncovalent bonds
B. The compounds contains at least some polar covalent bonds
C. The compound should act as a good buffer for acids and bases
D. The compound does not dissolve well in water</p>

A

<p>B</p>

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10
Q

<p>Which of the following molecules would most likely participate in the formation of a lipid bilayer?

A. triglyceride
B. sphingomyelin
C. palmitic acid
D. all of them are equally likely to form a lipid bilayer</p>

A

<p>B</p>

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11
Q

<p>Which of the following amino acids can form hydrogen bonds with their side (R) groups?

A. Asparagine
B. Aspartic acid
C. Glutamine
D. All of the above</p>

A

<p>D</p>

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12
Q

Which of the following pairs of amino acids would carry a negative charge on their side chain at pH 8.0?

A. asparagine & glutamine
B. leucine & glycine
C. histidine & lysine
D. aspartate & glutamine

A

D

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13
Q

Which of the following are the most important determinants of the electrophoretic mobility of amino acids?

A. temperature and pressure
B. Buffer concentration and net charge
C. Net charge and molecular weight
D. Molecular weight and buffer concentration

A

C

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14
Q

The P50 of HbA is 26 mmHg while for HbF it is 19 mmHg. Which of the following is TRUE regarding the two types of hemoglobin?

A. Fetal hemoglobin has a higher affinity for oxygen
B. HbA has a higher affinity for oxygen
C. Fetal hemoglobin releases O2 at a higher pO2
D. Fetal hemoglobin needs more O2

A

A

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15
Q

Which of the following statements best describes a sugar alcohol?

A. is formed by reduction of glucose, replacing the aldehyde with an additional hydroxyl group.
B. is an enantiomer to true alcohol.
C. only comes in L-isomers, and hence cannot be digested.
D. cannot be digested by oral bacteria and are diastereoisomers to glucose.

A

A

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16
Q

Why is glycogen the better choice as a storage polysaccharide in the animal body?

A. It is highly branched.
B. It forms a compact structure.
C. It allows a large amount of carbon energy to be stored in a small volume.
D. All of the above

A

D

17
Q

What is the significance of the oligosaccharide moieties in the different blood group substances?

A. for adhesion to endothelial cells
B. serve as antigenic determinants
C. prevent clumping of red blood cells
D. mediate intercellular communication

A

B

18
Q

Which of the following is not a membrane lipid?

A. Cholesterol
B. Triacyglycerol
C. Ganglioside
D. Lecithin

A

B

19
Q

Which properties of phospholipids govern lipid aggregation into higher order structures such as micelles, liposomes and bilayers?

A. Amphipathic property
B. Spontaneous self sealing and self assembly
C. Hydrophobicity
D. All of the above
E. A and B only
A

E

20
Q

Which thermodynamic term best describes a metabolism reaction that is favorable?

A. It has a negative free energy value.
B. It has a positive free energy value.
C. It has low entropy value.
D. It has a positive enthalpy value.

A

A

21
Q

How are the endergonic cellular reactions driven to completion in the cell?

A. By coupling with an exergonic reaction
B. By increasing enzyme concentration
C. By increasing the temperature
D. By binding with ADP

A

A

22
Q

Which of the following statements is correct?

A. Km is expressed in the same units of measurement as substrate concentration.
B. As the affinity of enzyme for substrate decreases, Km also decreases.
C. Competitive inhibition typically ptoduces an apparent decrease in Km.
D. Noncompetitive inhibition typically produces an apparent decrease in Km,

A

A

23
Q

Which of the following statements is correct?

A. Nucleic acid strands are electrically neutral at neutral pH.
B. Stacking of base pairs is mediate by hydrogen bonds.
C. Every DNA contains thymine while every RNA contains uracil.
D. Every DNA contains deoxyribose while every RNA contains ribose,

A

D

24
Q

Which of the following statements is correct?

A. The intrinsic pathway is activated by tissue thromboplastin.
B. Antithrombin deficiency predisposes to thrombus formation.
C. Factors II, VII, IX and X are vitamin K-independent coagulation factors.
D. Cross-linking of fibrin renders thrombi more susceptible to thrombolysis.

A

B

25
Q

From which of the following dietary components are coenzyme typically derived?

A. vitamins
B. minerals
C. proteins
D. dietary fiber

A

A

26
Q

According to Fick’s law of diffusion, particle flux is inversely propotional to

A. Concentration gradient
B. DIffusion coefficient
C. Membrane surface area
D. Membrane thickness

A

D

27
Q

With the basic background knowledge of membrane transport processes, any individual suffering from acute diarrheal dehydration requires restoration of extracellular fluid status with

A. Water alone
B. Water and glucose
C. Water, glucose, and sodium
D. Water, glucose, sodium, and potassium

A

C

28
Q

Which of the following statements regarding ligand-gated ion channels is TRUE?

A. When a ligand binds to an ion channel, an enzyme faciliates the passage of ions across the membrane.
B. When a ligand binds to an ion channel, the channel interacts with a G-protein that subsequently opens another ion channel nearby, allowing ions to cross the membrane.
C. A ligand-gated ion is generally opne and allows ions to cross the membrane. Howevver, in the proescnece of a ligand, an ion channel will close.
D. When a ligand binds to an ion channel, the channel changes conformation and the ion channel opens, allowing ion to cross the membrane.`

A

D

29
Q

Which of the following molecules bind/s to G-protein linked cell surface receptor/s?

A. insulin
B. parathyroid hormone
C. epidermal growth factor
D. all of the above

A

B

30
Q

Which of the following is NOT an intermediate of the citric acid cycle?

A. acetoacetate
B. citrate
C. oxalosucccinate
D, succinyl CoA

A

A

31
Q

Which of the following characterizes glucose transporters in the liver?

A. They are recruited to the cell membrane in response to insulin.
B. They transport glucose using the sodium co-transport system.
C. They transport glucose through facilitated diffusion down the concentration gradient.
D. They have a a high affinity for glucose.

A

C

32
Q

What is the consequence of the phosphorylation of glucose in somatic cells?

A. Glucose is efficiently trapped in the cell and cannot readily pass the cell membrane.
B. Glucose becomes negatively charged for interaction with intracellular water molecules.
C. Glucose is recognized by the kinase enzyme, which requires a domain in the glucose molecule to which it can attach.
D. Glucose becomes activated for glycosidic bond formation with other glucose molecules.

A

A

[OS 201] Removal Exam (1 decks)

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