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MNT 2 > remainder > Flashcards

remainder Flashcards

1
Q

fatty foods and alcohol

A

decrease LES pressure

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2
Q

gastric ulcers develop even with low acid output

A

false

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3
Q

duodenal ulcers develop with high gastric acid secretions

A
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4
Q

H2 Blocking agents

A

decrease gastric acid

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5
Q

lack of if cause macrocytic anemia

A
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6
Q

low residue diet is fiber

A

les than 20 grams of insoluble fiber

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7
Q

in a illeal resection

A

inssuficient bile salts to emulsify the lipids

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8
Q

diverticulosis is treated with

A

high fiber diet

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9
Q

normal amount of fat excreted n diter

A

2-6 grams

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10
Q

ascites fluid resctriction

A

if they are on low sodium with hypnatremia

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11
Q

amino acids that decrease

A

BCAA v l i

valine leucine isoleucine

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12
Q

spider nevi

A

portal pressure

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13
Q

hepatic encephalopathy meds

A

lactulose rifaximin

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14
Q

minerals malabsorbed in steatorrhea

A

ca mg zn

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15
Q

POST lver trasnplant 6 onths foward

A

mod pro intake
wt mntc
mod fat 30%

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16
Q

pancreatitis 2 main causes

A

low albumin and soap formation by ca and fatty acids

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17
Q

severe acute pancatitis

A

not using GI tract worsen symptoms use jejunal lower feeding to minimize pancreatic stimulations

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18
Q

this lab indicated impaired liver funtion

A

ammonia

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19
Q

chonric alcoohol abuse can beneifit from supplementation of

A

thiamine

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20
Q

encelophathy encourage veggie proteins

A

true

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21
Q

post liver transplant should follow

A

moderate protein low fat

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22
Q

bile salts and low fat are MNT for

A

gallstone

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23
Q

pancretitis patients should limiti

A

fatty foods and alcolhol

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24
Q

this kind of nutrition suppport maybe needed for acute severe pancreatitis patients

A

tpn

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25
Q

check which lab before starin TPN in hepatic patients

A

tg

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26
Q

ranks severity of pancreatitis

A

ranson

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27
Q

ebb phase

A

hypovelemic shock

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28
Q

hrmone response in metabolic stress

A

cortisol mobilizes amino acids from skeleton muscles

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29
Q

glucose levels metabolic stress

A

140-180

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30
Q

burns

A

replace fluids and elecyrolyctes

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31
Q

first step in controling fat malabsoprtion

A

enzymes

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32
Q

CF pulmonary

A

Na , salt losses sweat losses

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33
Q

post operative metabolic and pulmonary tpm can be given if

A

pt cant oral 5-7 days or moere

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34
Q

albumin can be low

A

negatve acute phase protein and multiple fluid

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35
Q

tisseu hypozia with COPD causes

A

anorexia, bloating and early satiety, constipation

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36
Q

weight loss in COPD is common bc

A

work of breatign and low energy intake

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37
Q

overhydration vs deydration in pulmonary pts

A

we will see more =overhydration in these pts

lab data expected to see decreased electrolys low protein - diluted effec

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38
Q

rq is respiratory quotient and is highest wen

A

a lot of cals are consumed

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39
Q

if rq is 2 or 3

A

we are feeding too much

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40
Q

if rq >1

A

decrease total caloric intake
adjust cho to lipid rato
decrease especially cho

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41
Q

if rq is < .8

A

increase calories

42
Q

** IN CF WE RECOMMEND

A

LOW SALT DIET, PANCRATIC ENZYMES, WATER SOLUBLE VITAMINS

43
Q

SEVERELY MALNOURISHED PTS IN MET/PULM STRESS

A

TPN
WANT TO DO A CLEAR LIQUID DIET - JUICE OR JELLO
IF OPTION DO TUBE FEEDING NG EVEN IF WELL NOURISHED

44
Q

FUEL SOURCE FOR ENTEROCYTES N CRITICAL ILLNESS

A

GLUTAMINE

45
Q

.261

A
46
Q

MNT for oxalate kidney stones includes

A

High Ca diet and low oxalate foods

47
Q

Bacterial hydrolysis of blood from bleeding varices can lead to

A

Increased NH3

48
Q

NutraHep TF product is

A

high in BCAA

49
Q

Rapid ingestion/digestion of simple CHO causing increased insulin secretion is

A

Dumping syndrome

50
Q

Guaiac and Melena are medical terms for

A

Blood in stool

51
Q

The Hippocratic writings encourage physicians to recognize when medicine has reached its limit of usefulness. So it is ethically defensibe to … hydration and nutrition support for some patients who

A

have advanced dementia
are in a persistent vegetative state
are terminally ill
ALLLLLLL THE ANSWERS ARE CORRRECT!!!!

52
Q

General energy requirements for cancer pts

A

30-35 kcal /kg

53
Q

Cancer cachexia

A

Progressive wt loss anorexia wasting weakened increased lipolysis
Cytokines produced by tumor . Causes proteolysis - amino acids. n excretion
Lipid mobilizing factor
Inhibits lipase no fat stores
Therefore bold goes back to liver and they are broken down into TG

54
Q

Medication for cancer cachexia

A

Magestrol/ megaCe
Used for anorexia cachexia and unplanned wt loss
Make sure pt doesn’t have a hx of clotting or on blood thinning

55
Q

When calcium level is high in cancer

A

We don’t put them on low calcium
We treat with hydration
Make sure they are not getting calcium supllmentestion and Vit d

56
Q

MNT for chemotherapy side effects

Diarrhea

A

MAINTAIN HYDRATION STATUS
replace electrolytes
Low fat low fiber possibly low
Bulking agents BRAT diet

57
Q

FOOD AND DEUG INTERACTION cancer Tx

A

Alimta

Requires b12 and folic acid to avoid anemia

58
Q

MNT FOR CHEMOTHERAPY SIDE EFFECT ORAL CHANGES

A

Hydration tart foods
Bitterness in meat
Meat aversions

59
Q

MNT for chemotherapy for oral mucositis

A

Soft diet and liquids

60
Q

Tamoxifen and a astrodome side effects

A

Hormonal

Hot flashes

61
Q

Radiation induced enteritis

A

Supplement b 12 fat soluble and calcium to prevent deficiency

62
Q

CANCER pancreatic surgery , Whipple procedure MNT

A

Enzyme replacement, small frequent low fat meals and snacks, avoid simples CHO

Enzymes allow them to eat

63
Q

Resection of terminal ileum

MNT

A

Bile salts losses steatorrhea
B12 malabsorption
Diet low in fat osmolality lactose and oxalates

64
Q

When can you start using the GI tract cancer

A

if diarrhea ia less than 500 ml/day

65
Q

Minimal amount of fluid needed to eliminate daily fixed solute load of around 600 mOsm

A

500 mL

66
Q

Osteodystrophy in kidney disease

A

High serum phosphorus stimulates PTH o help with resorption of calcium from the blood - a way to help the blood calcium normal

67
Q

GFR calculator kidney disease, uses

A

serum creatinine, age, race, gender

68
Q

Lab tests renal disease

A

high BUN
excessice body protein catabolism
GI bleeding
high BUN doesn’t always mean renal

69
Q

Biggest risk factor for kidney stone

A

not drinking enough water

70
Q

nephritic syndrome MNT

A

restrict sodium to control BP

71
Q

Edema in nephrotic syndrome causes

A

`Proteinuria- GI permeability lower albumin in blood more oncotic pressure more edema
Glomerular injury leads to decrease in GFR then kidney kicks in rening angio tensin - retention of water and sodium

72
Q

Nephrotic syndrome nutrition

A

.8 PRO
35KCAL/KG/DAY
3G SODIUM
low sodium low protein helps control edema

73
Q

high biological value protein

A

contains all essencial amino acids

74
Q

juice used to treat bacterial infection in kidney - pyelonephritis

A

cranberry and blueberry

75
Q

Acute kidney disease oliguria amount

A

< 500 mL per day

76
Q

Kidney transplant medication can cause increase in serum

A

potassium

77
Q

name of kidney transplant medications

A

cyclosporine tacrolimus

causes high potassium htn hlp

78
Q

dialysis diet

A

low K, low sodium, postassium exchanges

79
Q

veggies ad fruites broken broken down in - renal diet

A

potassium content

80
Q

**MNT for constipation

A

Adequate mix of soluble and insoluble fiber
Adequate fluid intake
Exercise

81
Q

Soluble fiber

A

fruits veggies oats
forms a gel and slows down digestion
o good for watery diarrhea

82
Q

insoluble fiber

A

bran wheat brans

absorbs water increases stool wegiht so speeds up time in small intestine - stumlats bowel mocement

83
Q

**EXUDATIVE DIARRHEA characteristics

A

Mucosal damage - outpouring, mucous, fluid, blood

84
Q

**EXUDATIVE DIARRHEA associated with

A

chrons disease
Ulcerative colitis
radiation enteritis

85
Q

****osmotic diarrhea related to

A

solute that cant be absorbed
dumping syndrome
lactose intoleracne
releived by fasting

86
Q

***secretory diarrhea

A

from bacterial exotoxin
c diff
viruses
increases intestinal hormone secrestions

87
Q

***malabsorptive diarrhea

A

steatorrhea - excess fat
inflammatory bowel disease or bowel resection
not enough bile and pancreatic enzymes to digest
not getting the breakdown needed

88
Q

**steatorrhea

A

excess fat n stool

60 g normal is 2-6 g

89
Q

steatorrhea related to*****

A

lver disease
disease involvng distal ileum
BLIND LOOP SYNDROME

90
Q

MNT for steatorrhea*****

A

MCT - synthetic fats

products absorbed witout bile salts

91
Q

*****MNT for diarrhea

A

manage fluid and electrolyte - be careufl with dehydration

92
Q

**minimal residue diet

A

insoluble fiber >20 g

93
Q

*****MNT for diarrhea in chldren

A

replace Na and K losses

94
Q

*** celiac disease gluten

A

specific peptide fraction of proteins - resistant to complete digestion by GI enzymes

95
Q

Inflammatory bowel disease - CRONS DISEASE vs UC

A

Crons can eba naywhere along the GI TRACT

uc limited to large intestine and rectum

96
Q

** inflamatory bowel disease etiology

A

inappropriate inflammatory response and ablity to suppress it
damage to the cells of the small / large intestine
malabsorption, ulceration, stricture

97
Q

*****Energy requirements for IBD

A

energy requirements are constant unless weight gain desired
1.3-1.5 protein
bc of steroid use and protein losses from mucosa

98
Q

divertculitis

A

bowel rest

99
Q

short bowel syndrome - resection

A

b12 - intrinsic factor

100
Q

*****!!! see nutrition for short bowel syndrome CHO FAT AND OXALATE

A
101
Q

*** SMALL INTESTINE BACTERIAL OVERGROWTH SIVBO OR BLIND LOOP SYNDROME

A

overgrowth of bacteria

102
Q

*** SMALL INTESTINE BACTERIAL OVERGROWTH SIVBO OR BLIND LOOP SYNDROME
consequences

A

B12 DEFICIENCY

MNT 2 (5 decks)

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