Religious Reform Flashcards
What percentage of Londoners were Protestant in 1547?
20%.
when was the issue of royal injunctions under Somerset that were radical in nature
jul 1547
when was the dissolution of chantries
dec 1547
when was the act of uniformity which laid down publication of book of common prayer
jan 1548
when was the first book of common prayer introduced
may 1549
when was the second act of uniformity which laid down the publication of the second book of prayer
may 1552
when was the revised book of prayer introduced
dec 1552
when was the 42 articles of religion published
jun 1553
What religious radicals did Somerset introduce into his household (2)
- John Hooper
- Thomas Becon
Why was Cramner cautious in his reform
fear of religious tension
was Somerset or Northumberland more radical in reform
Northumberland
How did Somerset influence religious change?
He was a keen Protestant, but was cautious as he wanted to please both factions.
How did Northumberland influence religious change?
He was a radical reformer, but ultimately favoured politics over religion.
what were the two objectives of the 1549 book of common prayer
- estb single form for services within C of E
- translated services into English to enhance understanding of key texts
what did Gardiner believe the 1549 book of common prayer included
ambiguous eucharistic declaration that implied acceptance of transubstantiation
in 1547 what 3 religious changes did Somerset introduce
- denunciation of images in London (iconoclasm)
- injunctions issued (attacked popular catholic features such as stained glass)
- disillusionment of chantries and guilds (to pay for foreign policy) (catholic prayer for dead)
iconoclasm meaning
the breaking of images -( more radical protestants assumed images prohibited because wording of Ten Commandments)
what religious change did Somerset implement in 1549
introduction of book of common prayer (uniform approach to services - more moderate reform as it could imply transubstantiatin was accepted)
what was Northumberland’s strategy in relation to the church
- continue protestant reforms
- plunder more of it’s wealth
an example of how Cranmer became more radical under Northumberland
the radical book of common prayer introduced in 1552
explain the term zwinglian (eucharist views)
refers to religious ideas of Ulrich Zwingli - protestant reformer from Switzerland.
thought the eucharist was a commemoration Christs sacrifice not a transformation
four key changes introduced by the revised book of common prayer 1552
- removal of remaining ‘conservative’ ceremonies (conservatives could no longer find anything they accepted in the book)
- radical reform of communion service and replaced wafer with bread
- ban on popish vestments (Seen as superstitious and wanted simplicity)
- restriction of church music - protestants thought music hindered religious understanding
2 example of how influential zwinglianism was
revised book of common prayer reformed communion service
replaced wafer with bread and ‘do this in remembrance’
42 articles
42 articles of religion explained
issued by archbishop Cranmer in 1553
- defined the essential of faith of Church of England
- reflected influences of Zwingli
- kings death a few weeks after issue meant that they were not implemented
what were some impacts of these policies?
- expenditure on church goods declined after 1540 - people felt no reason to leave money to the church is there was a chance of confiscation by the crown
- fewer people attending parish church services suggests dissatisfaction with the church
how did Northumberland reduce catholic influence?
Gardiner was imprisoned in a Tower. Ridley replaced Bonner decreasing catholicism in court
1552 treason act
Questioning either the Royal Supremacy and the beliefs of the English Church became an offence
