Religions and War final Flashcards
Sati and its benefits
“mindfulness” can be beneficial for reducing stress and being fully present in the moment
How fundamentalism can be thought of as a patriarchal protest movement
Because it is primarily run by men who want to keep their power in society and maintain traditional gender roles!
Why fundamentalists seek to control women and especially female sexuality
Because they want to keep gender roles and women are something they seek to protect and own.
Complementarity of male and female roles: definitions and examples
Men and women are equally created by God but hold different roles and responsibilities in life. Roles in church, marriage, and workplace.
Reasons why women might be attracted to fundamentalist movements
It gives women a sense of empowerment, they might have more traditional religious values and gender role identity. They want a manly man and to not have to worry about working etc
Burq
enveloping garment of clothing
Hijab
a head scarf worn by Muslim women
Patriarchy
social system in which dominance is held by the man
Civil Religion (definition, beliefs, examples)
Definition: the union of religious and secular terminology to convey a sense of mission after many people lost touch with its roots.
Beliefs: belief in transcendent being called God, US is subject to God’s laws, assurance God will guide and protect the US
ie: “God Bless America” “In God We Trust” etc
Captain America Complex (CAC)
conveys the uneasy fusion of the two roles the US sees playing:
1. “city on the hill” that promotes law even when face with adversaries PR
2. crusaders on the military plane of battle, allowing no law or institution to impede its efforts to destroy evil (any means necessary) ZN
Twin Notions of American Misson does CAC contain?
Zealous nationalism and prophetic realism
Zealous Nationalism vs Prophetic Realism
ZN: seeks to destroy enemies to redeem the world
PR: seeks to redeem the world for coexistence by impartial justice that claims no favored status for individual nations
Six Elements Jewish Zeal and Islam Jihad Share
- each side views their anger as blessed by the deity which eliminates normal restraint
- Concieves of its opponents as members of a malevolent conspiracy originating from the realm of absolute evil
- The stereotypes of one side/actors are stark/extreme with all goodness on one side and all evil on the other
- Opponents must be killed or converted; one side is redemptive violence and the other is not
- To allow oneself to be defeated is to abandon faith itself
- Every action of the enemies is perceived as holy and overcoming the desecration is viewed as a religious and political imperative whose fulfillment will usher in an era of peace.
Classical vs American Monomyth
Classical: young people leave homes for adventure, aided by magical powers
American: helpless communities redeemed by the lone savior who is a permanent outside to the community
Ways American Superheroism is threatening democracy (challenge of pop fascism)
promotes undemocratic behavior and reinforces the “chosen people” mindset as well as contributing to patriarchal values
biblical roots of zealous nationalism and prophetic realism
Daniel and revelation contributed to the biblical roots of ZN and PR
nationalist God vs universal God
a national god is one viewed through the eyes of zeal and a universal god is one seen from a more PR/humanizing view
Amos’ critiques of zealous nationalism
Prophet Amos believed in prophetic realistic thinking and strayed away from the zealous prospectives
revelation vs msg of Jesus
the revelation says to
premillennialism vs postmillennialism
pre = need to trigger the rapture
post = already in 1000 year millennium then rapture
ways millennialism can/did affect American politics
it has divided people; people with more conservative outlooks tend to have more premillenialistic thinking which means they want things to get worse before they get better; why climate change doesn’t matter.
Millenium
1000 years of peace
tribulation
hardships, trials, and suffering that believers may encounter in their lives
rapture
second coming of Jesus and when all the believers go to heaven with him and he judges the living and the dead
eschatology
theological branch that concerns over the study of final events in humankind and world history
masada complex
thinking it is better kill yourself than to be killed
spiritual disarmament
renouncing violence and aggression in favor of peaceful and compassionate behavior
conspiracy theory definition, examples, and critiques
a secret plan by a group to do something unlawful or harmful
characteristics and examples of hot, cool, and artful zeal
hot zeal- direct, violent ie; Phinehas and John Brown
cool zeal- passive, intentive, “peaceful” , ie: Daniel
artful zeal- manipulative, power, mastery, willing to compromise to get power. ie; TRUMP
six features of popular stereotypes
Identification
Stance
Cleanliness
Law Behavior
Moral Attitude
Humility
three negative effects of stereotypes
Growth of dishonesty
impact on the political process
erodes process of law and democratic equality
five strategies to overcome stereotypes
ironic transposition
stretch the stereotype
institutions of coexistence
humanize the bad person
celebrate coexistence
Redemptive Violence and Love (definition and examples)
redemptive violence= saved through violent means while redemptive love = the love of God evokes a sense of repentance in people’s hearts for the violence they’ve carried out (Jesus love accepts enemies as they are)
herem
coexistence with an alien realm is impossible (think native Americans and settlers)
conversion = cultural assimilation = redemptive violence
associated with herem thinking
ecumenical
promoting worldwide Xn unity among denominations
interfaith
being able to understand and surround yourself with others who believe in different religions
exclusivist
believes their religion is best and no other God is valid
inclusivist
accepts other religions exist but theirs is superior
pluralist
believes having different beliefs in a society is a good thing
peacemakers
(know the peacemakers)
