Religion, Peace And Conflict

Question 1

Justice

Answer 1

Justife is the process where people, or a person, recieve what they deserve or is fair.

Question 2

Just War Theory

Answer 2

Just War Theory has its roots in Christian teaching. It aims to limit when war is allowed but accepts that sometimes war is necessary. Early versions of Just War Theory were devised by St. Augustine and St. Auguinas.

Question 3

Last Resort

Answer 3

War must always be a last resort - peaceful methods of sorting out the problem should always have been tried first, for example: peaceful negotiations, sending ambassadors to talk, compromise and involving the United Nations.

Question 4

Just Cause

Answer 4

The cause must be just - there had to be a good reason for going to war, for example: it can’t be to claim more land ore resources, it can’t be just for revenge, it must be to help or defend.

Question 5

Legitimate Authority

Answer 5

War must be declared by a legally recognised authority, for example: government or a monarch (not a terrorist group).

Question 6

Right Intention

Answer 6

The intention of war must be to do good, for example: to help or to defend.

Question 7

Principle Of Discrimination

Answer 7

The methods used must be just - civilians can not be made targets, for example: you can’t aim at hospitals or schools, ideally only military targets can be targeted during conflict.

Question 8

Reasonable Chance Of Success

Answer 8

It must be possible to win, for example: if you are a small country you need to insure that allies will help you. A large country will obliterate a small country.

Question 9

Holy War

Answer 9

A war declared or waged in support of a religious cause

Question 10

Crusades

Answer 10

The Crusades were a series of religious wars between Christians and Muslims started primarily to secure control of holy sites considered sacred by both groups. In all, eight major Crusade expeditions occurred between 1096 and 1291. The bloody, violent and often ruthless conflicts propelled the status of European Christians, making them major players in the fight for land in the Middle East.

Question 11

Pacifism/Pacifist

Answer 11

Pasifists are people who are opposed to using violence and refuse to fight. E.g. Desmond Doss (Hacksaw Ridge)

Question 12

Conscientious Objectors

Answer 12

a person who for reasons of conscience objects to complying with a particular requirement, especially serving in the armed forces. Like pacifists.

Question 13

Terrorism

Answer 13

Terrorism is the unlawful use of force or violence against persons or property to intimidate or coerce a government or its citizens to further certain political or social objectives.

Question 14

Weapons Of Mass Destruction

Answer 14

a nuclear, biological, or chemical weapon able to cause widespread devastation and loss of life.

Question 15

Radicalisation

Answer 15

Radicalisation is when people adapt extreme positions on religious, social or political issues. Most people in Britain are opposed to radicalisation as they see it as a threat to society that can sometimes lead to terrorism.

Question 16

Martyrdom/Martyr

Answer 16

A martyr is someone who suffers pain or death because of their beliefs. The Catholic Church has valued martyr throughout history - many have become saints. However, suicide bombers who kill innocent civilians are considered to be extremists - not martyrs.

Question 17

Torture

Answer 17

Torture is when somebody in an official capacity inflicts severe mental or physical pain or suffering on somebody else for a specific purpose. Sometimes authorities torture a person to extract a confession for a crime, or to get information from them

Question 18

Nuclear Weapon

Answer 18

A nuclear weapon is an explosive device that derives its destructive force from nuclear reactions

Question 19

Chemical Weapon

Answer 19

A chemical weapon is a specialized munition that uses chemicals formulated to inflict death or harm on humans.

Question 20

Biological Weapon

Answer 20

the use of biological toxins or infectious agents such as bacteria, viruses, insects, and fungi with the intent to kill or incapacitate humans, animals or plants as an act of war. Biological weapons are living organisms or replicating entities.

Question 21

Reconciliation

Answer 21

The bringing back of harmony to a relationship after forgiveness

Question 22

Forgiveness

Answer 22

Showing grace and mercy; pardoning someone for what they have done wrong

Question 23

Righteous Anger

Answer 23

Righteous indignation is typically a reactive emotion of anger over mistreatment, insult, or malice of another. It is akin to what is called the sense of injustice.

Question 24

Violence

Answer 24

behaviour involving physical force intended to hurt, damage, or kill someone or something.

Question 25

Bullying

Answer 25

repeated behaviour which is intended to hurt someone either emotionally or physically

Question 26

Peace-Making

Answer 26

The action of of trying to establish peace

Question 27

Conflict Resolution

Answer 27

Creating peace between two parties that have been at war or in a dispute with each other.

Question 28

Non-Violent Resistance

Answer 28

Nonviolent resistance, or nonviolent action, is the practice of achieving goals such as social change through symbolic protests, civil disobedience, economic or political noncooperation, or other methods, while being nonviolent.

Question 29

Quaker

Answer 29

Quakers believe that there is something of God in everybody and that each human being is of unique worth. This is why Quakers value all people equally, and oppose anything that may harm or threaten them.

Question 30

Is torture concemned as okay by the Catholic Church?

Answer 30

Catholic social teaching today opposes torture in the treatment of any detained or imprisoned person. For the Church is convinced that every human person bears a God-given dignity; respect for that dignity must always be present.

Question 30

What are examples of terrorism?

Answer 30

These have included hijackings, hostage takings, kidnappings, mass shootings, car bombings, and, frequently, suicide bombings.

Question 30

What is the most common motivation of a terrorist attack?

Answer 30

To intimidate a group of people into capitulating to the demands in order to avoid future injury. Get attention and thus political support for a cause.

Question 30

What is the Geneva Convention?

Answer 30

The Geneva Conventions comprise four treaties, and three additional protocols, that establish the standards of international law for humanitarian treatment in war.