Religion & Ethnicity Flashcards
Ethnic religion
A religion with a relatively concentrated spatial distribution whose principles are likely to be based on the physical characteristics of the particular location know which it’s adherents are concentrated
Animism
Belief that objects such as plants and stones, or natural events, like thunderstorms and earthquakes, have a discrete spirit and conscious life
Fundamentalism
Literal interpretation and strict adherence to basic principles of a religion
Universalizing religion
A religion that attempts to appeal to all people, not just those living in a particular location
Chain migration
Migration of people to a specific location because relatives or members of the same nationality previously migrated there
Ethnic cleansing
Process in which a more powerful ethnic group forcibly removed a less powerful one in order to create an ethnically homogenous region
Ethnicity
Identity Eth a group of people that share distinct physical and mental traits as a product of common heredity and cultural traditions
Ethnonationalism
The identification and loyalty a person may feel for his or her nation
Ghetto
During the Middle Ages, a neighborhood in a city set up to only be inhabited by Jews
-Now used to denote a section of a city in which any minority group lives because of social, legal, or economic pressure
Race
Identity with a group of people descended from a common ancestor
Islam
A monotheistic religion based on the belief that there is one God, Allah, and that Muhammad was Allah's prophet. Islam is based in the ancient city of Mecca, Saudi Arabia, the birthplace of Muhammad.
Sunni
one of the two main branches of Islam, commonly described as orthodox, and differing from Shia in its understanding of the Sunna and in its acceptance of the first three caliphs.
Shia (Shiite)
one of the two main branches of Islam, followed especially in Iran, that rejects the first three Sunni caliphs and regards Ali, the fourth caliph, as Muhammad’s first true successor.
5 Pillars of Islam
faith: shahada (confession of faith), salat (prayer), zakat (almsgiving), sawm (fasting, especially during the month of Ramadan), and hajj (the pilgrimage to Mecca).
Buddhism
System of belief that seeks to explain ultimate realities for all people-such as the nature of suffering and the path toward self-realization.
Christianity
The three major categories of Christianity are Roman Catholic, Protestant, and Eastern Orthodox.
Hinduism
A cohesive and unique society, most prevalent in India, that inte¬grates spiritual beliefs with daily practices and official institutions such as the caste system.
Judaism
The first major monotheistic religion. It is based on a sense of ethnic identity, and its adherents tend to form tight-knit communities wherever they live.
Mormonism
a term used to describe religious, ideological, and cultural aspects of the various denominations of the Latter Day Saint movement.
Religious architectural styles
These are the styles of architecture created by the religions. For example, Christians have always made temples, and Buddhists have always made a lot of religious statues. This is important to human geography because these styles affected most of the future styles for other civilizations.
Religious conflict
this is the conflicts between religions. One of these is Israel-Palestine. This consists of Roman Takeovers, Muslim conquests, and the crusades. This affects human geography because there has been a lot of bloodshed over Religious Conflict.
Sacred place
A place where religious figures and congregations meet to perform religious ceremonies. This is important to human geography because a lot of history has taken place at sacred spaces.
Shintoism
Religion located in Japan and related to Buddhism. Shintoism focuses particularly on nature and ancestor worship.
Hajj
the Muslim pilgrimage to Mecca that takes place in the last month of the year, and that all Muslims are expected to make at least once during their lifetime.
Buddhism
the teaching of Buddha that life is permeated with suffering caused by desire, that suffering ceases when desire ceases, and that enlightenment obtained through right conduct and wisdom and meditation releases one from desire and suffering and rebirth
