Religion

Question 1

Church

Answer 1

I & F wanted to improve Clergy by Reforming Education and Training.

Gained powers from Pope to aid Reform: Right to make all church appointments in Granada and Canaries.

Failed to stop Clergy being tried in special Church Court, where they received a lighter sentence than they would in the Royal Court.

Question 2

Reforming Clergy

Answer 2

• New colleges set up to educate higher Clergy
• Bishops tried to take action against Clergy who were: Living with women, Not residing at post where they were appointed or wearing unsuitable dress.
• Limited effects, hadn’t really reformed Clergy.
• Crown expected Clergy to play active role in Government, meant they were away from post on Diplomatic Affairs.
• Clergy and Laity resisted change.

Question 3

Jews and Conversos

Answer 3

• I & F not very concerned, Minority religion.
• Jews excluded from certain professions e.g. Gov. or Army.
• Jobs as farmers, tradesmen or doctors.
  1477: I declared all Jews under her protection.
• Conversos thought to be falsely converted. I introduces Inquisition.

Question 4

Spanish Inquisition

Answer 4

Introduced to Castile: 1480, Aragon: 1481.
Thought Conversos secretly practiced Jewish faith, many had been forced converts, Conversos posed threat to Christian Faith.

-Suspected people Arrested, Tried in Secret andUsually Found Guilty.
Punishments: Fine, Property Confiscation or being Burned at the Stake.

Suggested 700 in Seville Burned between 1480-88. Real numbers unknown.

Role of Inquisition extended to: Sexual Misconduct, Witchcraft and Blasphemy.

Question 5

Expulsion of Jews 1492

Answer 5

Hatred of Jews increased during the reign.

• Policy started in 1482, became official in 1492.
• Said Jews must Convert or Leave.

Question 6

Expulsion/Conversion of Mudéjars From Castile

Answer 6

More under I & F rule after conquest of Granada. Fears they would ally with Spain’s enemies and invade.

• Tax for being Mudéjar led to revolts in 1495 & 1499.
• Campaign for conversion of all, they were allowed to convert or emigrate. Remaining now known as Moriscos.

Mudéjars only in Aragon. Ferdinand didn’t pursue policies of conversion or expulsion.