Relevant Definitions

Question 1

Afferent

Answer 1

Carrying neural impulses to the CNS.

Question 2

Akinesia

Answer 2

Lack of movement.

Question 3

Athetosis

Answer 3

Slow writhing-like movement.

Question 4

Blown pupil

Answer 4

A pupil that is dilated and unresponsive to changes in light.

Question 5

Babinski sign

Answer 5

Fanning of the toes and upward flexion of the big toe. Also referred to as the “extensor plantar response.”

Question 6

Ballismus

Answer 6

Extreme choreiform movement.

Question 7

Bitemporal hemianopsia

Answer 7

Loss of visual temporal fields often due to

abnormality in the optic chiasm.

Question 8

Chorea

Answer 8

Irregularly timed excessive jerky movements.

Question 9

Clonus

Answer 9

Repetitive, involuntary vibratory movements.

Question 10

Deep tendon reflexes

Answer 10

Muscular contractions that occur in response to the stretching of a muscle.

Question 11

Diplopia

Answer 11

The experience of double vision.

Question 12

Dysdiadochokinesia

Answer 12

Impaired ability to smoothly alternate hand

movements.

Question 13

Dysmetria

Answer 13

Inaccurate range of movement during motion-based activities.

Question 14

Efferent

Answer 14

Carrying neural impulses away from the nervous system.

Question 15

Graphesthesia

Answer 15

The ability to identify letters or numbers traced on the skin.

Question 16

Hemianopsia

Answer 16

The loss of a visual hemifield.

Question 17

Homonymous

Answer 17

On the same side (e.g., homonymous hemianopsia).

Question 18

Long-tract signs

Answer 18

Neurologic signs related to upper motor neuron lesions, including hyperactive deep tendon reflexes, clonus, and spasticity.

Question 19

Lower motor neuron (LMN)

Answer 19

Motor neuron that originate in the anterior horn of the spinal cord. The motor cranial nerve nuclei are also classified as lower motor neurons.

Question 20

Nystagmus

Answer 20

Rapid involuntary eye movements, which may be lateral, vertical, rotational, or mixed.

Question 21

Proprioception

Answer 21

Perception of one’s body position in space, based on sensory input from the muscles and tendons.

Question 22

Quadrantanopsia

Answer 22

Loss of one quadrant of the visual field.

Question 23

Reflexes

Answer 23

An involuntary response to a stimulus.

Question 24

Spasticity

Answer 24

Increased muscle tone or increased resistance to stretching.

Question 25

Suppression

Answer 25

The unilateral diminution of sensory input perception in the presence of bilateral stimulation.

Question 26

Upper motor neuron (UMN)

Answer 26

Neurons that originate from the cerebral primary motor cortex (i.e., the precentral gyrus) or from certain brainstem nuclei (e.g., the rubrospinal tract from the red nucleus).

Question 27

Vestibular

Answer 27

Referring to the sense of balance.