Relationships and Processes of the school Flashcards
What are mixed ability groups ?
groups where pupils of all abilities are taught together in a single class
What is streaming ?
pupils taught in separate groups for all subjects based on what is supposed to be their overall ability level
What is setting ?
pupils are placed into sets according to their ability is that specific subject.
What are within class groups ?
pupils are placed in different groups within each class and are given different work to do.
What did Hargreaves, Ball and Lacey all find ?
Middle class tend to be placed in higher groups and for working class students tend to be put in lower groups.
What did Hallam et al find ?
most pupils prefer whole class or individual work rather than class groups. Also mixed ability groups are better behaved than those in streamed schools.
What is the ideal pupil ?
a pupil who is polite, well presented (dressed), well spoken and enthusiastic. sex, social class and ethnicity may play apart in it for some teachers.
what is the halo effect ?
where teachers form impressions of students which affect the way they see themselves in situations.
What Gillborn and Youdell find about the ideal pupil ?
that white middle class pupils are the most likely to fit this stereotype
What did Harley and Sutton suggest about the ideal pupil ?
it’s more likely to be females than males.
What is a pupil subculture ?
a group of pupils which have identified certain norms and values which they all have.
what did Hargreaves say about pupil subcultures ?
the main reason they form is because students want to gain status.
What did Willis say about pupil subcultures ?
that anti school cultures are most likely going to be white working class lad sin lower streams and sets.
Mac an Ghail identified 5 distinct male subcultures in secondary schools what are they ?
Academic achievers- those who work hard
Macho lads- opposed to school and work.
New enterprisers- vocational success
Real Englishmen- middle class who value education
Gay students- those who are critical of homophobia of school.
What did Lacey say and who was she supported by ?
Low achieving pupils who are labelled to fail search for other ways to gain status, they form an anti school subculture, which is likely to lead to the self fulfilling prophecy.
supported by Hargreaves who said lads in lower sets are seen as triple failures.
