Relationships And Families Flashcards

1
Q

Definition of human sexuality

A

How people express themselves as sexual beings

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2
Q

Definition of heterosexual

A

To be sexually attracted to members of the opposite sex

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3
Q

Definition of homosexual

A

To be sexually attracted to members of the same sex

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4
Q

Explain what things have had an impact of people’s attitudes to sexual relationships nowadays? (5)

A
  1. Christian Church was more powerful and the majority of society accepted their viewpoint.
  2. Contraception had developed. It is now much more reliable and people don’t have to worry about accidentally having a child.
  3. Sex before marriage and children before marriage are far more common. Before they were expected to give up their child if they were not married.
  4. Society no longer looks down on those who have children outside of marriage.
  5. Homosexual relationships are now legalised and can marry.
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5
Q

Dates for homosexual relationships:

What happened in 2001, 2004 and 2013?

A

2001 - age of consent for homosexual acts is reduced to 16

2004 - Civil partnerships (legal unions between same sex relationships) are recognised in law

2013 - same sex marriages is recognised in law

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6
Q

In the UK, what is the legal age to have sex? What does the law do for people under the age of 16?

A

16
Tries to protect under 16 from abuse
Under 13 are protected with additional specific laws to prevent abuse.

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7
Q

Explain two beliefs towards Human Sexuality. Refer to scripture… in your answer.

A

In Genesis, it states humans are made in the image of God. This means that God has us as as sexual beings and therefore sex should not be viewed as bad.

It also says in Genesis that a man and woman become “one flesh” when they leave their parents and commit to marriage. They should then be “fruitful and multiply” which means have sex and reproduce. However this only supports opposite gender sex between a committed couple not homosexual relationships.

Many people have different opinions to homosexuality. People agree with Leviticus which says “Do not have sexual relations with a man as one does with a woman; that is detestable” which means that they do not agree with a man and a man should have a relationship.

On the other hand, St Paul says that your body “is a temple of the Holy Spirit” which means that it is special and worth of care. We should not misuse our bodies by casual attitudes to sex and drugs.

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8
Q

“Homosexuality is acceptable”
(12 marker question)

Evaluate…refer to scripture etc…

A

The Bible can be more compassionate and some modern Christians are accepting homosexual relationships. God has made us what we are if we are attracted to the same sex that is what God has made us to do. God is without gender so we should be open minded

Jesus told his followers “to love one another” and “to treat others as we would want to be treated”

Aganist:
It leads to a division of attitudes amongst Christians. Some follow the Biblical teaching and some don’t.

The Old Testament says “Do not have sexual relationships with a man as one does with a woman, that is detestable.

The New Testament says “Wrong doers will not inherit the Kingdom of God…neither the sexually immoral… nor adultères nor men who have sex with men”

All these refer to male homosexuality, people think it is a waste of sperm as God intended us to make babies with.

The Catholic Church says every sexual should be an opportunity to procreate.

Overall this means different Christians may have various views on homosexuality. Many Pentecostals follow the Biblical teaching that homosexuality is wrong. However many denominations think it is personal and if you are in a loving relationship, it is your private life. The Catholic Church follow Biblical teaching and say that this does not make you sinful as long as you do not live a homosexual life style which means you must remain celibate.

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9
Q

What do Christians believe about sexual relationships before marriage.

A

They were largely aganist it but views have changed over the past 50 years. They believe sex expresses a deep and loving Union that first requires the commitment of marriage.

They believe that before you get married you should be chaste because having sex is part of building the relationship between a man and a woman. They believe it should not be a casual and temporary pleasure.

They believe it is wrong to use people for sex as it could lead to the spreading of sexually transmitted infections or risk of pregnancy.

St Paul said we should respect our bodies as they are “temples of the Holy Spirit”

Catholics follow church teachings which states sex is “within the framework of marriage” ans should be about having children.

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10
Q

Definition of adultery.

A

Voluntary sex between a married person and someone who is not their spouse

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11
Q

What do Christians think about adultery.

A

All Christians believe adultery is wrong, it destabilises family.

Adultery is not illegal but a sin. The 10 Commandements say “Do not commit adultery”

Jesus made it clear that God would judge us if we commit adultery - “Go now and leave your life of sin”

Jesus also said “You have heard that it was said you shall not commit adultery but I tell you that anyone who looks at a woman lustfully has already committed adultery with her in his heart”

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12
Q

Definition of contraception

A

The methods used to prevent a pregnancy from taking place.

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13
Q

Definition of family planning

A

Controlling how many children couple have and when they would have them.

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14
Q

Methods of contraception including artificial and natural.

A

• There are many different forms of artificial contraception, include:

1. The pill or injection which contains a hormone that stops the woman from producing an egg. 
2. The diaphragm or condom which stood the sperm from meeting the egg. Condom also prevents the spread of sexually transmitted infections.
3. Spermicidal creams that kill the sperm immediately.
4. Sterilisation -an operation which is a permanent way of preventing pregnancy.

Natural methods include fertility awareness and withdrawal. Fertility awareness tracks the natural rhythm of your month period and you can avoid intercourse before and immediately after ovulation. Withdrawal is when the man withdraws himself from the woman before ejaculation

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15
Q

Give two religious beliefs about the use of contraception.

A

Should not be used to prevent having children altogether but should used for other things. Such as preventing a child being born into deprivation or allowing a couple to develop a relationship before having children.

Use of contraception all together is wrong. Sex act should be open to the possibility of conceiving a child. God will not send more children than a couple can care for. Waste of sperm.

Using artificial contraception is wrong because it gives human beings the power to decide when a new life should begin and that power should belong to God. It reduces male respect for women. It gives humans the idea that they can have complete power over their body and it’s God’s right.

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16
Q

Quotes to use for the use of contraception

A

“Bodies are temples of the Holy Spirit” - this encourages people to be sexually active and not just have sex for having children - from Corinthians

“Every sexual act must be within the framework of marriage” - shows sex is part of marriage and contraception is not needed. - from Pope Pius.

“Every sexual act should have the possibility of creating new life” - Catholic Church.

Protestant Churches tend to let people decide but think in an established relationship. “The Church of England agreed other methods may be used provided this is fond in the light of Christian principles.

Catholic for choice - organisation set up to support use of condoms but we thought they didn’t allow it….

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17
Q

Family Planning beliefs

A

Catholic Church is not against family planning but thinks that parents should use the rhythm method (fertility awareness) to space out the births of their children.

However many people disagree with this because they think natural methods can be less reliable and that there is no reason to use methods developed by science as long as it does not cause an abortion.

Anglican Christians accept that people should only have as many children as they can care for, it is unfair to bring children into a life deprivation. They allow contraception to enable couple to develop their relationship before having children or to space out pregnancies to avoid affecting the mother’s health. They approved the use of artificial contraception and said “The Conference agrees that other methods may be used provided this is done in the light of Christian principles.

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18
Q

Definition of marriage

A

Legal union between a man and woman as partners in a relationship

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19
Q

Civil partnership definition

A

Legal union of same sex couples

20
Q

Cohabitation

A

A couple living together and having a sexual relationship without being married

21
Q

Give beliefs on the purpose of marriage

A

Marriage is a gift from god

Sacred ritual to bless the couple in which they receive the grace of God.

A place where children are brought up

Spiritual bond between husband, wife and God

Marriage should be lifelong. The marriage service states “Till death do us part”

22
Q

Beliefs on cohabitation

A

People believe that the cost of marriage prevents people from marrying and so they live together.

People do this to see if their relationship will work and then they may decide to marry.

Christians who are opposed to sex before marriage (Orthodox Church for example) believe cohabitation is sinful. The Catholic Church also agrees:
“The sexual act must take place exclusively within marriage. Outside of marriage it always constitues a grave sin” - Catechism 2390.

Many Anglican and Protestant Christians accept that although marriage is best people may live together in a faithful, loving and committed way without being married.

23
Q

Definition of divorce

A

Legal ending of a marriage

24
Q

Definition of remarriage

A

When someone marries again while their former spouse is still alive

25
Q

Annulment

A

A Catholic Church ruling that a marriage was never valid

26
Q

Reason for divorce

A
Addiction to alcoholism for example
Domestic violence 
Inability to have children
Work and money pressure
Disappointment at love making
Illness or disability 
Adultery 
Immaturity 
People changing, growing apart, falling out of love
27
Q

Beliefs on divorce

A

While some say that vows are made before God and are sacred they should never be broken. There may be circumstances when it might be best to divorce (see reasons for divorce).

In the Bible, Jesus taught that anyone who divorced and remarried was committing adultery: “Anyone who divorces his wife and remarried another woman commits adultery against her. And if she divorces her husband and marries another man, she commits adultery” - Mark

In Matthew it says “If a man divorces his wife for any cause other than unchastity he involves her in adultery” this suggests that there could be some reason where divorce is permitted when the partner is unfaithful.

However in Genesis 2 it does state that the two become “one flesh”

The Church helps divorced people but must also keep marriage sacred. Christians believe that vows made in God’s presence should be kept.

The Catholic Church teaches that a civil divorce can’t dissolve a marriage between two baptised people. Catholics can separate but they cannot marry someone else in a Catholic Church while their partner is still alive. They believe marriage is a sacrament that is permanent. However they can obtain an annulment, they are free to marry again if they are annulled.

Other Christians think that marriage is the lesser of two evils. Anglicans can remarry with the Bishop’s permission as long as the priest is willing to perform the ceremony.

Other Protestant Churches accept civil divorces and allow remarriage as long as the couple takes the vows seriously.

The Eastern Orthodox Church grants divorce and remarries couples but usually not more than twice.

28
Q

Christian réponses to couples who are having problems in their marriage

A

Help through counselling, prayer and sacraments

29
Q

Nuclear family definition

A

A couple and their children regarded as a basic social unit

30
Q

Stepfamily definition

A

A family that is formed on the remarriage of a divorced or widowed person and that includes a child.

31
Q

Extended family definition

A

A family that extends beyond just parents and their children by including grandparents and other relatives

32
Q

Polygamy

A

The practice of having more than one wife at the same time

33
Q

Bigamy definition

A

The offence of marrying someone while they already married to someone else

34
Q

Disadvantages and advantages of having an extended family

A

Advantages - spend time with family especially if they are old. They can pass on religion customs and traditions. More help in childcare.

Disadvantages - becomes too crowded in the household. Harder to transport around. Parents have to look after kids and grandparents which gives less attention tot their kids as both sets need support.

35
Q

Disadvantages and advantages of nuclear family

A

Advantages - less expensive. More space and privacy. Easy to transport around

Disadvantage - more lonely, less people in the family (less lively), less support for family, don’t learn enough traditions as grandparents have more experience

36
Q

Role of parents

A
A good parent is:
Flexible
Be there for them 
Caring 
Gives them good values such as honesty and generosity 
Makes sacrifices for them
Gives good advice 
Fair discipline 
Manners
Gives moral advice
Equal attention 
Responsible 
Gives them the best opportunities 

“Spare the rod, spoil the child” - hardworking and always willing to do their best for the families

“Anyone who does not provide for their relatives and especially for their own household has denied the faith and is worse than an unbeliever”

37
Q

Christian teachings about the nature of families

A

Commanded to love one another. They believe the way they relate to one another is important to God. Love is at the heart of all relationships which places a very high value on family life because it is a family where a child learns to love.

Children should respect their parents “Honour your mother and father” - 10 Commandements

38
Q

Same sex parents

A

Disapproval because they feel the ideal life for children is to grow up with a male and female role model as parents. Other Christians say that it is more important for children to be in a secure and loving family regardless of the gender of their parents.

39
Q

Give beliefs on the purpose of families

A

Where procréation mainly takes place
Where people learn to live as part as a community - parents teach them right from wrong and how to get along with others
To teach their children in their faith - teach them moral values, make daily prayers part of their routine, send their children to faith school or groups run by their church.

40
Q

Quotes for purpose of families

A

For Christians a family reflects the relationship of Christ and the Church - “Husbands love your wives as Christ loved the Church and gave himself up for her”

“Listen to your fathers who gave you life and do not despise your mother when she gets old”

They believe children are a gift from God and they must respect their human dignity - “Children are a heritage from the LORD”

Children also have responsibilities “Children, obey your parents in everything for this pleases the Lord”

41
Q

Definition of Gender Equality

A

Giving people the same rights regardless whether they are male or female

42
Q

Definition of Gender Prejudice

A

Unfairly judging someone before the facts are known by gender

43
Q

Sexual stereotyping definition

A

Having a fixed general idea of how men and women will behave

44
Q

Gender discrimination

A

Acting against someone on the basis of their gender - seen as wrong and may be against the law.

45
Q

In Christianity, men and women should be treated the same.’ 12
Evaluate this statement.
Use quotes
Similar points for gender discrimination

A

Aganist
Some traditional Christians believe men are the head of the family and that women should stay home. This may come from an interpretation of Bible text which shows the position of women at the time. “Wives submit to your husbands”.
Another exam is the Adam and Eve story. Eve is the one who took the Apple first and people may interpret that to mean women are the weaker sex. And so God punishes Eve severely “With painful labour you will give to birth to your children”

For
Christians believe that all people are created equal in the image of God, the command to love one’s neighbour shows that discrimination is wrong.
Jesus treated women with respect and welcomed them as disciples. This was shown in the story of Mary and Martha that women are capable of things other than domestic tasks.
Paul also emphasises this - “There is no Jew nor Gentile, neither slave nor free, nor is there male and female for you are all one in Christ Jesus
“For God shows no partiality” - God treats us all fairly