Rehydration therapy: exchange across membranes Flashcards
What happens to a cell in a hypertonic solution?
The cell shrinks (crenates) as water moves out of the cell due to a higher osmolarity outside.
What happens to a cell in an isotonic solution?
The cell maintains its normal shape as water moves in and out at an equal rate.
What happens to a cell in a hypotonic solution?
The cell swells and may burst (lyse) as water moves into the cell due to lower osmolarity outside.
What is a hypertonic solution?
A solution with higher osmolarity outside the cell than inside, causing water to move out of the cell.
What is an isotonic solution?
A solution with equal osmolarity inside and outside the cell, resulting in no net water movement.
What is a hypotonic solution?
A solution with lower osmolarity outside the cell than inside, causing water to move into the cell.
What is the effect of osmosis in a hypertonic solution?
Water moves out of the cell, leading to cell shrinkage.
What is the effect of osmosis in a hypotonic solution?
Water moves into the cell, leading to cell swelling or lysis.
What is the role of isotonic solutions in medical treatments?
Isotonic solutions, like 0.9% saline, maintain normal cell volume and prevent swelling or shrinkage.
What condition can result from exposure to a hypertonic solution?
Crenation, where cells shrink due to water loss.
What condition can result from exposure to a hypotonic solution?
Lysis, where cells burst due to excessive water intake.
What drives water movement in osmosis?
The osmotic gradient, where water moves from an area of low solute concentration to high solute concentration.
How does osmosis affect cells in hypernatremia (high blood sodium)?
It creates a hypertonic environment, causing cells to shrink.
