Rehearse Flashcards
sensorimotor
0-2 yr:
- schemes have classes
- reflexes
- develop object permanence
- develop symbolic thought
- own actions shape intelligence
- thought is overt (open, je ziet de gedachtegang, geen inner thought)
preoperational
2-7 yr:
- symbolic thought: representational insight
- intuitive
- egocentric
- centration (focussen op een aspect van object, bv klei bal –> alleen lengte)
concrete
7-11 yr:
- symbolical and logical
- less egocentric
- decentration -> conservation of substance
- understand reversible consequences
formal
11-16 yr
- abstract
- hypothesis generating
- introspection
stages en korte omschrijving
sensorimotor: thinking is doing
preoperational: thinking about things
concrete: thinking about actions
formal: thinking about thought
kritiek op piaget
- vague: what is a stage, when transition, gradual?
- children have more abilities than he thought, adults less
- social environment plays a role aswell
IQ based on
expert reasoning, problem solving,ability to acquire new knowledge
subtests for IQ
- processing speed
- working memory
- verbal comprehension
- perceptual processing
study the effect of genetics
identical vs fraternal twins that were both raised togheter
study the effects of environment
look at identical twins that were raised seperately
strategieen
maximizing: steeds hetzelfde kiezen
matching: baseren op vorige trials (niet doen)
ainsworth attachment styles
-secure
- insecure resistant: anxious, distress when leave, mad when return
- insecure avoidance: no distress when leave, avoidance when return
- disoriented/disorganized: all of the above mixed
wanneer prosocial behaviour, helping en empathy
prosocial: 12 mo
helping: 12-30 mo
emphaty: 15 mo
verschillende parenting styles
authorian - C
authoriarian - WC
permissive - W
uninvolved
spearman:
general intelligence: mental tests reflect a general intelligence + specific domain van intelligence
cattell
2 factors of intelligence:
fluid - perceive relationships among stimuli regardless of knowledge or experience. peaks at mid 20s.
crystallized - intelligence/mental abilities due to knowledge and experience. increase until 50s.
steinberg
people with high IQ can control their mental resources well –> efficient.
what does a statistic describe
a sample!!!
volgorde validities
statistical - internal - construct - external
internal validity
the cause-effect relationship cannot be explained by other factors (confounds, differences between groups etc)
internal validity
the cause-effect relationship cannot be explained by other factors (confounds, differences between groups etc)
unbiased sample meest belangrijk voor … claim
frequency
biased sample zorgt voor lagere … validity
external en internal
3 criteria for causal claim
- er moet een associatie zijn, ofwel covariance; 2. A komt voor B; 3. geen andere variabelen bij betrokken zijn.
type 1 en type 2 error
type 1: vals positief, type 2: vals negatief
voordelen en nadelen within subjects
+ = grotere power, kleinere n nodig, zelfde groep
- = demand characteristics, soms niet mogelijk, order effects
na hoeveel jaar theory of mind
4 jaar
piaget vs vygotsky
piaget = moral, vygotsky = control impulses
van stage 2 naar 3
conservation task –> decentration
theory of mind meten
displacement task en container test
OCEAN en tegenhangers
openness- non openness
conscientiousness - undirected
extraversion - introversion
agreeableness - antagonism
neuroticism - stability
freud samenvatting
unconscious drives, needs and conflicts steer your behaviour
