rehab questions

Question 1

The four main fields of health sciences

Answer 1

1) Prevention
2) Treatment
3) Rehabilitation
4) Chronic care

Question 2

Definition of rehabilitation

Answer 2

Rehabilitation is an organised service provided by the society to the disabled persons so that they could take their place in the society again.

Question 3

Components of the comprehensive rehabilitation

Answer 3

Medical, Education, Vocational and Social
measurements. In a purposeful, comprehensive personalized way.
The active participation of the
disabled person in this process is essential.

Question 4

Definition and most frequent types of disability

Answer 4

Disability is a condition when sensory,
locomotor, mental, communicative abilities of a person do not meet the average of the society, and it
results in activity limitations and participation restrictions. Types: Vision, movement,
hearing, thinking, remembering, learning, communicating, mental health, social relationships.

Question 5

What are the main differences between acute care and rehabilitation?

Answer 5

Acute care has a shorter
time, passive patient, mostly done to save a patient’s life, Done in stroke unit, ED etc. Rehabilitation is
longer, for active patients and to improve quality of life- done in rehab centers

Question 6

What does functional approach mean?

Answer 6

A certain condition can be caused by several reasons
For us the condition is Important not the reason
Eg. Hemiparesis : Stroke, brain trauma , tumor, Ms

Question 7

Teamwork in rehabilitation

Answer 7

MD, psych, social worker,
physiotherapist, occupational therapist, orthopaedic technician, music therapist, speech therapist,
relatives, nurse.

Question 8

Types of rehabilitation depending on their timely implementation

Answer 8

Acute at the active care e.g. Stroke centre, traumatology dept.
Post-acute- rehabilitation centres
Rehabilitation in chronic conditions- rheumatology

Question 9

Criteria of admission to a rehabilitation programme

Answer 9

Is there any indication to start rehabilitation
is the rehabilitation program performable
what is the current status
what is the (achievable) goal
what are the achievements

Question 10

What is functioning and disability and how it can be influenced?

Answer 10

Functioning is an umbrella
term for the integrity of body functions and structures including the realisation of activities and social
participation. Disability is those who have long term physical, mental, intellectual or sensory
impairments which in interaction with various barriers may hinder their full and effective participation
in society on an equal basis with others.

Question 11

When is a rehabilitation assessment is needed, what are its goals, and who is doing it?

Answer 11

a patient has a disability that affects the quality of life and its self care. The gaol is to incorporate the
patient into society again, improve activity and diminish the physical limitations and reduce
environmental obstacles for the patient. Rehabilitation centers, multidisciplinary team.

Question 12

Levels of mobility and mobilization

Answer 12

• FAC functional ambulation category: independent(1) - non functional (5)
• Barthel index: rating pt’s 10 ability of daily activity
• International Classification of functioning, disability and health

Question 13

What do we examine during rehabilitation assessment besides body structures?

Answer 13

• Case history (anamnesis)- general, rehabilitation specific, social environment
• Clinical (physical, instrumental) examination: medical (internal) status, nutritional status, physical fitness, heart fitness, musculoskeletal , neurological status, mental status (disease insight, cooperation, motivation)
• Functional status: mobility level, independence measure (eating, clothing, toileting), impaired functions
• Quality of life

Question 14

Methods for measuring muscle strength

Answer 14

British medical research council 0-5
0 – no muscular contraction
1 – muscular contraction present, no active movement
2 – active movement only by eliminating gravity
3 – active movement against gravity
4 – active movement against resistance, but weaker than expected (than the intact muscle)
5 – normal strength

Question 15

What is ICF and what do we use it for

Answer 15

International classification of functioning, disability and

health is a framework for describing and organising information on functioning and disability.

Question 16

What do we mean by self care in rehabilitation medicine? What factors are we looking at?

Answer 16

Activities of daily living- Bathing, ambulation, toileting, transfers, eating, dressing Eating
Working (financial care )
Family life Social activity
leisure

Question 17

What do we mean by social participation?

Answer 17

Family
Workplace - earning money 
Sexual activities
learning activities 
Interaction with other people

Question 18

What kind of factors affect disability?

Answer 18

Dynamic interaction btw health condition of the Patient and both Personal and environmental
factors ( Age motivation - Personal factors )

Question 19

What do we mean by quality of life?

Answer 19

Consist of broad concepts that affect global life satisfaction, good health , adequate housing,
employment , personal and family safety , interpersonal relationships, education and leisure pursuits
In relation to health care: the term is applied specifically to those life concerns affected by Illness/
health

Question 20

What are the most common places for pressure ulcers (bedsores, decubitus ulcers)

Answer 20

Localized areas of damage to the skin and / or soft tissue usually over a bony prominence as a result of pressure / Pressure In Combination With Shear.
Eg : Sacrum Calcaneus Ischium
Lesions are related to Immobility ( bed bound /Chair bound in d.)

Question 21

Most common consequences of a spinal cord injury

Answer 21

Flaccid areflexic paralysis - paraplegia, tetraplegia, areflexia, bilateral diaphragm paralysis.
Autonomic dysfunction: neurogenic shock, loss of bladder control, loss of bowel control, absent bulbocavernosus reflex priaprism may occur.

Question 22

Alternatives for urethral catheterization

Answer 22

Intermittant catheterisation, bedside bladder US,

external condom catheters, suprapubic catheters

Question 23

Methods of thrombosis prophylaxis

Answer 23

Mechanical methods- intermittent pneumatic compression, graduated compression stockings, venous foot pump
Pharmacological therapy- LMWH/fondaparinux, oral agents (warfarin, DOAC)

Question 24

What is monoparesis, hemiparesis, paraparesis, tetraparesis/plegia

Answer 24

 Mono- one limb motor insufficiency
 Hemi- one side (arm and leg) motor insufficiency
 Para- both arms/legs motor insufficiency
 Tetra- all 4 limbs paralysis

Question 25

What are the differences between a standard and an active wheelchair?

Answer 25

Active wheelchair is
desigened to be an extension of the body ( for good upper body + trunk strength). It is also lighter than the st.manual wheelchair.
Set up to allow an energy efficient drive- can go further and faster.

Question 26

Most common causes of spinal cord injury

Answer 26

motor vehicle accidents, falls, violence, sport accidents, other causes

Question 27

What is occupational therapy (ergotherapy)

Answer 27

Focuses on fine motor skill activities to develop,

recover/maintain meaningful activities.

Question 28

What are orthoses? What are their characteristics?

Answer 28

Correction, fixing, supporting, off loading, limiting range of motion, repairing/improving function of remaining body part.
Application is temporary/permanent.
Traditional substances: steel,aluminium, leather, wood.
Up to date substances: special metal alloys, carbon , fiberglass

Question 29

What are prostheses? What are their characteristics?

Answer 29

Prostheses are amputated limbs or other
body parts replacement devices. LL: standing, walking, UL: manipulation, tactile.
Low vs high dynamic prostheses
Consists of a socket and prefabricated component.

Question 30

What are the different types of rehabilitation services?

Answer 30

Basic rehabilitation, Traumatic brain injury + spinal cord, pulmonological rehabilitation , cardiac rehabilitation, children rehabilitation.

Question 31

What characterizes proper rehabilitation care and what conditions are necessary for it?

Answer 31

Rehabilitation center with proper facilities
 Trianed and professional rehabilitation team
 Copperating patient
 Family support
 Targeted rehabilitation plan
 Proper follow up

Question 32

Consequences of stroke

Answer 32

lack of motivation, mental slowness
cognitive disorders
hemineglect 
praxis disorder
speech disorder
emotional and behavioral disorder

Question 33

Why do we have to rehabilitate someone after stroke?

Answer 33

To help the spontaneous recovery, adaptation to the disability, reach the max possible independence, prevent secondary complications and improve quality of life.

Question 34

What are secondary complications, and how do we prevent them?

Answer 34

Contractures, pressure ulcers, infections. Integrating a multidisciplinary mobility program in the acute care setting and hospital length of stay can help prevent them

Question 35

Team members involved in stroke rehabilitation and their task

Answer 35

Patient, nurse, physiotherapist + assistant, ergotherapist, conductor, doctor, psychologist, speech rhythm therapist, social worker, orthopaedic technician, caring family member

Question 36

What are the characteristics of an arthrosis, and what kind of functional limitations do they cause?

Answer 36

degeneration , degradation and then destruction of articular cartilage, accompanied by inflammatory processes
Causing : Painful joint stiffness , local inflammation difficulty moving, dysfunction
Standing ability decreases, walking speed and distance decreases, dexterity deteriorates, sleep disorder
(night pain).

Question 37

What is the importance and the task of rehabilitation in arthrosis?

Answer 37

 Pain relief-
 Physiotherapy program
 Toolbar of physiotherapy- wraps, cryotherapy, thermotherapy
 Education- teaching energy saving movements, pain management, diet
 Rehabilitation surgeries in arthrosis

Question 38

What is mono-, poly- and multitrauma? What are their rehabilitation needs?

Answer 38

 Monotrauma: injury to one body region Rehabilitation when : multi morbidity, disabled Pt . complications
 Multitrauma: injury to more than one body region without SIRS Often recommended rehabilitation
 Polytrauma: Life threatening. Injury to at least two body region with the presence of SIRS. Obligatory rehabilitation
SIRS= systemic inflammatory response syndrome

Question 39

Musculoskeletal complications in a polytraumatized patient

Answer 39

 Muscle atrophy
 Contracture
 Refracture
 Delayed union and non-union fracture (pseudoarthrosis)
 Mechanincal complications
 Algoneuro dystrophia
 Sceptical complications.

Question 40

How is the rehabilitation of a total hip arthroplasty and a fractured hip different?

Answer 40

Rehabilitation principles are similar but in total hip replacement we have the opporturenity to carry out
prehab. Outpatient guided exercise before the hip replacement for pain and functional outcomes.