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ACVN - SURGICAL NURSING > Rehab of the Ortho Patient > Flashcards

Rehab of the Ortho Patient Flashcards

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1
Q

What does “challenging” tissues do when healing?

A

encourages optimal return to function

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2
Q

What are the stages of healing?

A
  • post-operative
  • regeneration phase
  • remodelling phase
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3
Q

What period is the post operative phase?

A

24-48hrs

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4
Q

What period is the regeneration phase?

A

day 5 - 3 weeks+

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5
Q

What period is the remodelling phase?

A

6 weeks - 1 year

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6
Q

What is the period for regeneration and remodelling phase for bone healing?

A

the same as tissue healing

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7
Q

What are you expecting to see in the post-operative stage (24-48hrs)

A

pain, oedema and healing tissues

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8
Q

What treatment would you do in the post-operative phase?

A

reduce pain (analgesia), cryotherapy, rest, easy movement only (non-weight bearing/supported weight bearing)

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9
Q

What is cryotherapy used for?

A

reducing oedema

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10
Q

What forms in the regeneration phase?

A

new collagen fibres

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11
Q

What treatment would you do in the regeneration phase?

A

controlled lead exercise and passive/active range of motion

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12
Q

What is the consolidation phase?

A

cellular to fibrous tissue, strength and alignment

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13
Q

What is the maturation phase?

A

vascularity and metabolic rate returns to normal (10 weeks to 1 year)

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14
Q

What happens in the regeneration phase of bone healing?

A

bridging callus forms

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15
Q

What happens in the remodelling phase of bone healing?

A

clinical union of bone

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16
Q

What are some common orthopaedic injuries?

A
  • cruciate rupture
  • forelimb lameness
  • fractures
  • jaw fractures
  • angular limb disease
  • joint replacements
  • tendon damage
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17
Q

What is a common factor of cruciate disease?

A

obesity

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18
Q

What might you do before treating cruciate disease if a patient is overweight?

A

put them on a weight loss programme

19
Q

What is the most common surgery performed to treat cruciate disease?

A

TPLO tibial plateau levelling osteotomy

20
Q

What does fracture rehab depend on?

A
  • degree of fractures and site
  • pre-existing disease
  • degree of soft tissue damage
  • presence of open wounds
21
Q

What is an example of a rehabilitation plan for a fracture patient?

A
  • adequate analgesia for the patient
  • restricted exercise
  • cold compress
  • encourage use of the limg such as ROM, PROM can be started but minimal
  • supportive dressings
22
Q

What does an external fixator do?

A

keeps the limb flexed in a natural position

23
Q

What is important to do with a patient who has an external fixator?

A

exntend the limb

24
Q

What would you provide immediately post-op after joint surgery?

A

cryotherapy

25
Q

How long would you keep a pressure dressing on for after joint surgery?

A

12-24hrs

26
Q

What are the advantages of PROM?

A

maintains normal range of motion, blood and lymphatic circulation and stimulates sensory awareness

27
Q

What are examples of joint surgeries?

A

total hp replacement, total knee replacement, elbow replacement

28
Q

What is important to do with joint replacement surgery patients post-operatively?

A
  • walk in a controlled m anner
  • expert staff only to prevent injury
  • keep patient calm and settled
  • clear signage on kennel so everyone is aware of how to handle them
29
Q

When can you start PROM after tendon surgery?

A

after 3 week rest

30
Q

How long should exercise be limited for with tendon surgery patients?

A

3-6weeks

31
Q

What is the primary goals for recovery of orthopaedic patients?

A
  • weight bearing
  • active range of motion
  • muscle building
32
Q

What does rehabilitation assist with?

A

return to function, minimising stress on the surgical site

33
Q

What does subjective mean in terms of rehabilitation?

A

how we think the patient is doing

34
Q

What does objective mean in terms of rehabilitation?

A

measuring muscle mass, stepping over poles/height, recording what the patient can achieve

35
Q

What is the pre-emptive/pre-surgical management for rehabilitation?

A
  • cryotherapy
  • support dressing
  • weight bearing
  • pain management
  • assessment of other conditions/lifestyles
36
Q

What are the benefits of cryotherapy?

A
  • vasoconstriction
  • analgesia effect
  • reduced tissue oedema
37
Q

When is the best time to perform cryotherapy?

A

initial 72 hours

38
Q

What temperature is best for heat (warm) therapy?

A

46 degrees

39
Q

When is the best time for providing heat therapy?

A

before exercise which leads to increased blood flow increasing elasticity

40
Q

What are the benefits of massaging?

A
  • increases blood flow
  • improves oxygen supply
  • aids removal of waste products
  • helps muscle work more efficiently and alleviates pain
  • settles the patient
  • venous and lymphatic return
  • mobilises adhesions
  • prepares muscles for exercise and aids recovery after exercise
  • good warm up for physiotherapy
41
Q

What is physiotherapy?

A

assisted and active therapeutic exercises

42
Q

What are examples of assisted therapeutic exercises?

A
  • assisted standing
  • weight shifting
  • side bending and cervical flexion/extension
  • balancce boards/swiss ball
  • muscle stimulation
43
Q

What are examples of active therapeutic exercises?

A
  • slow walks
  • stair climbing
  • sit to stand, down to sit
  • treadmill walking
  • advanced exercises e.g dancing, wheel barrowing, hydrotherapy
44
Q

How can you communicate effectively a patients rehabilitation plan and how they are doing?

A
  • write clear, precise details on patients progress and any procedures carried out
  • take photos and videos of the patient walking oro photos of the wound
  • discuss with the team

ACVN - SURGICAL NURSING (17 decks)

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