Regulators of rate-determining metabolic enzymes

Question 1

Phosphofructokinase-1

Answer 1

(+) AMP, (+) fructose-2,6-bisphosphate

(-) ATP, (-) citrate

Question 2

Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase

Answer 2

(+) ATP, (+) acetyl-CoA

(-) AMP, (-) fructose-2,6-bisphosphate

Question 3

Isocitrate dehydrogenase

Answer 3

(+) ADP

(-) ATP, (-) NADH

Question 4

Glycogen synthase

Answer 4

(+) Glucose-6-phosphate, (+) insulin, (+) cortisol

(-) Epinephrine, (-) glucagon

Question 5

Glycogen phosphorylase

Answer 5

(+) Epinephrine, (+) glucagon, (+) AMP

(-) Glucose-6-phosphate, (-) insulin, (-) ATP

Question 6

Carbamoyl phosphate synthetase II

Answer 6

(+) ATP

(-) UTP

Question 7

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD)

Answer 7

(+) NADP+

(-) NADPH

Question 8

Glutamine-PRPP-amidotransferase

Answer 8

(-) AMP, (-) inosine monophosphate, (-) GMP

Question 9

Carbamoyl phosphate synthetase I

Answer 9

(+) N-acetylglutamate

Question 10

Acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC)

Answer 10

(+) insulin, (+) citrate

(-) glucagon, (-) palmitoyl-CoA

Question 11

Carnitine acyltransferase I

Answer 11

(-) Malonyl-CoA

Question 12

HMG-CoA reductase

Answer 12

(+) insulin, (+) thyroxine

(-) Glucagon, (-) cholesterol