Regulation Of Pulmonary Ventilation During Exercise Flashcards
What are the three factors involved in the regulation of pulmonary ventilation during exercise?
- Neural control
- Chemical control
- Hormonal control
These factors work together to regulate breathing during physical activity.
What does pulmonary ventilation mean?
Breathing
It refers to the process of inhaling and exhaling air.
What is the role of neural control in pulmonary ventilation?
Involves the brain and the nervous system
Neural control automatically regulates breathing rate and depth.
What does chemical control in pulmonary ventilation concern?
Blood acidity
Changes in blood acidity affect breathing rate.
How does high blood acidity affect breathing?
Increases breathing rate
The brain sends impulses to the nervous system to enhance ventilation.
What are the two systems through which the nervous system controls pulmonary ventilation?
- Sympathetic
- Parasympathetic
These systems have opposing effects on breathing rates.
What effect does the sympathetic nervous system have on breathing rate?
Increases breathing rate
It prepares the body for exercise.
What effect does the parasympathetic nervous system have on breathing rate?
Lowers breathing rate
It promotes relaxation and recovery.
Where is the respiratory centre located in the brain?
Medulla oblongata
It controls the rate and depth of breathing.
What stimulates the respiratory centre to increase respiratory rate?
Increased concentration of carbon dioxide in the blood
CO2 levels directly influence breathing regulation.
What are the two main areas of the respiratory centre?
- Inspiratory centre
- Expiratory centre
These areas control inspiration and expiration during breathing.
What does the inspiratory centre do?
Responsible for inspiration and expiration
It sends nerve impulses to stimulate inspiratory muscles.
What muscles are stimulated by the inspiratory centre?
- Diaphragm
- External intercostals
These muscles contract to facilitate inhalation.
How long does the stimulation from the inspiratory centre act?
Approximately two seconds
This timing aids in the rhythmic nature of breathing.
