Regulation Of Eukaryotic Gene Expression Flashcards
What is gene expression regulation?
a cell controls the amount and timing of gene expression.
True or False: Gene expression regulation only occurs at the transcriptional level.
False
Fill in the blank: The primary regulatory elements in eukaryotic gene expression are ________ and ________.
promoters; enhancers
What role do transcription factors play in gene expression?
They bind to specific DNA sequences to regulate the transcription of genes.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a mechanism of gene expression regulation in eukaryotes? A) DNA methylation B) RNA interference C) Protein folding D) Histone modification
C) Protein folding
What is the function of enhancers in gene expression?
Enhancers increase the likelihood of transcription of a particular gene.
True or False: RNA polymerase can initiate transcription without the help of transcription factors.
False
What is the role of the TATA box in eukaryotic gene expression?
It is a core promoter element that helps initiate transcription.
Fill in the blank: ________ is a process that involves the addition of methyl groups to DNA, affecting gene expression.
DNA methylation
What is alternative splicing?
A process by which different combinations of exons are joined together to produce multiple mRNA variants from a single gene.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a post-transcriptional regulation mechanism? A) DNA methylation B) Histone acetylation C) RNA editing D) Transcription factor binding
C) RNA editing
True or False: Silencers are DNA elements that decrease the likelihood of transcription.
True
What is the primary purpose of RNA interference (RNAi)?
To regulate gene expression by degrading mRNA or inhibiting translation.
Fill in the blank: ________ are proteins that help in the packing of DNA into chromatin, affecting gene accessibility.
Histones
What is the significance of chromatin remodeling in gene expression?
It alters the structure of chromatin to allow or restrict access to DNA for transcription.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following mechanisms can lead to gene silencing? A) Histone acetylation B) DNA methylation C) Transcription factor binding D) Enhancer activation
B) DNA methylation
What is a transcriptional coactivator?
A protein that increases gene expression by aiding the function of transcription factors.
True or False: Eukaryotic gene expression can be regulated at the level of translation.
True
What is the role of the 5’ cap in mRNA?
It protects mRNA from degradation and assists in ribosome binding during translation.
Fill in the blank: The ________ is a regulatory region located at the start of a gene that is essential for transcription initiation.
promoter
What do we call the process by which a single gene can produce multiple protein isoforms?
Alternative splicing
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a method of gene expression analysis? A) PCR B) Western blot C) Microarray D) All of the above
D) All of the above
What is the function of microRNAs (miRNAs) in gene regulation?
They bind to mRNA and inhibit its translation or lead to its degradation.
True or False: All eukaryotic genes are expressed at all times.
False
