Regulation Flashcards
How are gastrointestinal processes regulated?
Control mechanism of the gastrointestinal system are governed by the volume and composition of luminal content, rather than by the nutritional state of the body
This means that the body is designed to absorb all the nutrients that are infested, whether or not the body really needs them to function
What are the main principles of control
Luminal stimuli
CNS and ENS
Hormonal regulation
Neural regulation
Explain the luminal stimuli
Distinction of the wall by the volume of luminal contents
Chyme osmolarity
Chyme acidity
Chyme concentration of specific digestion products
CNS and ENS
Enteric nervous system
- submucosal plexus
- myenteric plexus
CNS contributions to neural control of the GI system through regulation of the SNS and PSNS
What do we call the brain of the GI tract
Enteric nervous system
Which hormone does the stomach release
Gastrin
What is the importance of gastrin
It releases things such as stomach acid (HCl)
Gets pepsinogen to be released by the chief cells in the stomach. Pepsinogen is inactive form of pepsin
Increases stomach motility ( physically breaks down the food) resulting in chyme
What happens when chyme releases the duodenum
Cholecystokinin(CCK) and secretin
Role of secretin
Released into the blood stream to pancrease
The pancrease releases HCO3 and pancreatic enzymes
The base neutralizes the stomach acid
The secretin will go back to the stomach to inhibit motility and pepsinogen release
Role of CCK
Hormone related to the gall bladder
Our CCK is released from our intestine mucosa into our blood stream
It will go to two places
1.Pancreas
-pancrease to stimulate the release of pancreatic enzymes and this helps in our digestive process
LIPASE is used to break down lipids
- Gall bladder
- cause gall bladder to to contract
- squeeze of gall bladder to pump bile into the deodenum
- this helps emulsifying fat
Where does pepsinogen come from
Chief cells
What is secreted when the chyme reaches the duodenum
CCK and secretin
What is primary peristalsis of esophagus
Contraction of pharyngeal muscles, waves of contraction, followed by the wave of relaxation of muscle, fiber of GI tract which travel away from the mouth
How is secondary peristalsis induced
By distinction
Why does CKK go back to stomach
Decrease motility, slow down release of chyme in the stomach
