Regs Flashcards
61.65
IR Requirements
1. PP (or in progress)
2.English
3. Receive/log ground of aeronautical knowledge
4.Endorsed to take and pass knowledge test
5. Receive/log flight proficiency training from authorized instructor in aircraft/flight sim
6. Endorsed/pass practical test
Experience
-50hrs PIC XC (10 in plane)
*40 sim instrument
-15 w/instructor
*3 w/in 2mo checkride
*XC flight w/IFR
-250NM along airways/vectored
-3 diff. approaches
*20hrs max sim if it has: LOA + instructor
61.56
Flight Review
Every 24cmo need 1hr ground & 1hr flight training.
Do not need if: checkride, completed a phase of FAA pilot proficiency program
61.57
Recent Flight Experience
Cannot be PIC w/passengers unless 3 t/os & landing w/in 90 days.
—Same category/class/type
—Fullstop if for night currency (sunset+1<>1-sunrise) or tailwheel
For IFR: w/in 6cmo preceding month of flight
—6 IAP
—Holds
—Intercept and track courses using nav.systems
Can do in sim. If outside currency must do w/in preceding 6cmo, otherwise need instrument proficiency check.
IPC: In same category or sim, w/examiner/CFII.
To log:
1. Solely using flight instruments
2. Established IAF to MDA/DA
if in VMC: Safety pilot must be PP
if IMC: safety pilot IR, can be out of IMC if on FAS
If part121 or 135 operator:
Don’t need Recency when operating under company, but do need if flying outside company.
61.51
Logbooks
Must log:
Date
Time
Location
ID & type
Conditions
Experience
Do not need to log approaches every time in IFR, only if need to for currency/rating/reg.
For currency: must log location and approach (and safety pilot if needed). If sim: device, time, content
Safety Pilot can log PIC time when in sim IMC, cannot log in actual unless CFII.
AVIATE
Annual-12cmo
91.409-Inspections
VOR-30 days
91.171-VOR for IFR
-VOT: +/- 4, 360TO/180FROM
-G.Chkpt: +/- 4
-A.Chkpt: +/- 6
-A.Radial: visual pt> 20nm +/- 6
-Dual: +/- 4
-log: DEPS
100 hr
91.409-Inspections
-need if operating for hire
-may exceed up to 10hrs to fly enroute for inspection
Altimeter&Static System-24cmo
91.411-Altimeter and Altitude Reporting Eq. Inspection
Transponder-24cmo
91.413-ATC Transponder Inspection
-if flying w/out transponder must notify and be cleared by ATC 1hr prior
ELT
91.207-ELT
-Inspected every 12cmo
-Battery replaced: 50% life or 1hr cumulative use
-Can ferry to maintenance facility if not working
ARROWS
91.203-Civil Aircraft Cert. Req. Airworthiness Cert Registration—3yrs Radio License—if outside US Operating Handbook (91.9&25) W&B Supplemental Type Certificate
91.103
Preflight NOTAMs Weather Known ATC delays Runway lengths/slope/elevation Airport alternatives (emergency/fuel)/details (elevation/mountains) Fuel requirements Takeoff/landing distances (performance)
91.173
ATC Clearance and Flight Plan
Must receive clearance and file flight plan for IFR flight in controlled airspace.
-don’t need to in uncontrolled (g)
-can get pop-up. Subject to ATC workload, must be at or above min.IFR
-Must file 30min prior to departure.(above FL230, 4hrs prior)
-must cancel 30min after landing
91.167
IFR Fuel Req.
Need fuel to destination+alternate+45min cruise
If destination wx is 2000’ + 3sm, 1hr before and after ETA, then dont need alternate filed.
-If no IAP at destination then need alternate
91.169
IFR Flight Plan
Alternate wx conditions: Precision approach-600’, 2sm
Non-Precision: 800’, 2sm
If no IAP then must be able to descend from MEA&land under VFR
GPS
AIM 1-1-17b(2a,5c)
If nonWAAS: must have alternate means of navigation. If RAIM is available then don’t need to actively monitor. If RAIM outages predicted then need nonGPS nav.
Alternate: GPS approach for either but not both.
WAAS w/out baroNav: may fly alternate approach to LNAV MDA but not LNAV/VNAV/LPV
91.179&177
IFR Cruising Altitudes
Below FL 290 Above FL290
0-179: Odd. +4000 (290,330)
180-359: Evens. +4000 (310,350)
IFR Minimum Altitudes
If using VOR and w/in 22nm: May operate below MEA, but not MOCA.
Mountains:2000’ above 4nm radius
Normal: 1000’ above 4nm radius
91.175
Takeoff/Landing IFR
No takeoff min. for P91.
For 121,125,129,135: Published or—1/2 engines=1sm viz
—>2 engines=1/2 viz
91.205
Altimeter Tachometer Oil pressure Manifold pressure gauge Airspeed indicator Temp (engine) Oil Temp Fuel gauge (each) Landing gear indicator lights Anti-Collision Lights Magnetic direction indicator ELT Seat Belts
FUses Landing light (hire) Anti-Collision lights Position lights Source of energy
Generator Radios Altimeter Ball Clock Attitude indicator Rate of turn indicator Directional gyro
91.213
Inop Eq.
1. MEL+ letter from FSDO?
2. 205? KOEL? AD? Type cert?
3. Is it safe?
4. Placard, deactivate/remove (new W&B) and record
If it doesn’t meet a req. but deemed safe can write to local FSDO for special flight permit.
91.183, 187
IFR Comms (Reporting pts), Malfunction reports Missed Approach Airspeed +/- 10kts Reaching holding fix (time,altitude) VFR-on-top altitude change ETA +/- 2min Leaving hold Outer marker Unforcasted weather Safety Vacating altitude FAF Radio/nav/approach equip failure Compulsory pts (only non radar) 500ft descent/climb (unable)
Non-radar report items: ID Position Time Altitude Flight Plan ETA Next fix
91.185
2way Comm Failure
If in VFR conditions: continue under VFR and land asap
If IFR:
Route: Assigned, Vectored, Expected, Filed
Altitude-highest of: Minimum IFR altitude, Expected, Assigned
If clearance limit is IAF: Hold, then commence descent at EFC/ETA time
If clearance limit is not IAF: hold until EFC, if no EFC fly over and continue to IAF and commence descent at ETA.
91.175
Takeoff/Landing IFR
MDA/DA is highest of: pilot minimum, aircraft equip, approach.
Cannot operate below MDA/DA unless:
1. Can make stable descent at normal rate using normal maneuvers
2. Flight viz is no less then published for approach
3. Airport environment is in sight (The Tailored Runway Visual Alignment)
Threshold
Touchdown zone
Runway
VASI/PAPI
ALS—Cannot go below 100’(above tdze) unless red side/terminating bars are viz.
RVR
2400. 1/2
4000. 3/4
5000. 1
91.155
Basic VFR Wx Minimums
Controlled>10,000’: 5viz, 1000’above/under 1sm around
Controlled<10,000’:3viz, 1000’above, 500’ under, 2000’ around
91.157
Special VFR
Below 10,000’, above controlled airspace.
1.ATC clearance
2. Clear clouds
3. 1viz
4. Sunrise-sunset (IF IFR (plane + pilot) THEN NIGHT OK)
91.117
Speed >10,000: Mach 1 <10,000: 250kts In Class B(vfr corridor): 200kts At or below 2500’ w/in 4nm of airport of class D or C: 200kts
91.211
Oxygen
12,500-14,000: If >30min crew use oxy
14,000: crew immediately oxy
15,000: Provide all oxy
Pressurized cabin
>FL250: 10min supply of supplemental oxy provided for everyone
>FL350:1 controlling pilot must wear and use oxy mask. OR if 2 controlling pilots have quick donning masks and aircraft is below FL410
