Regions / Grooves / Spaces of upper limb Flashcards
borders of triangular space/medial axillary hiatus
Superior: teres minor
Inferior: teres major
Lateral: long head of triceps brachii
Borders of axillary fossa
Anterior: Pectoralis major and pectoralis minor
Posterior: Subscapularis Latissimus dorsi, Teres major
Medial: Serratus anterior muscle
Lateral: Biceps muscle & Coracobrachialis muscle
Base: Skin/facia of the axilla
CONTENTS of triangular space/medial axillary hiatus
circumflex scapular artery and vein
borders of quadrangular space/lateral axillary hiatus
Superior: Teres minor
Inferior: Teres major
Medial: Long head of triceps
Lateral: Surgical neck of humerus
contents of quadrangular space/lateral axillary hiatus
Axillary nerve (innervates the Teres minor & Deltoid muscles)
Posterior circumflex humeral artery
borders of triangular interval
Superior: Teres major
Lateral: Lateral head of the triceps or the humerus
Medial: Long head of the triceps
contents of triangular interval
radial nerve
brachial artery
Anterior border of axillary fossa
Anterior: Pectoralis major and pectoralis minor
Posterior: Subscapularis Latissimus dorsi, Teres major
Medial: Serratus anterior muscle
Lateral: Biceps muscle & Coracobrachialis muscle
Base: Skin/facia of the axilla
Posterior border of axillary fossa
Anterior: Pectoralis major and pectoralis minor
Posterior: Subscapularis Latissimus dorsi, Teres major
Medial: Serratus anterior muscle
Lateral: Biceps muscle & Coracobrachialis muscle
Base: Skin/facia of the axilla
Medial border of axillary fossa
Anterior: Pectoralis major and pectoralis minor
Posterior: Subscapularis Latissimus dorsi, Teres major
Medial: Serratus anterior muscle
Lateral: Biceps muscle & Coracobrachialis muscle
Base: Skin/facia of the axilla
Lateral border of axillary fossa
Anterior: Pectoralis major and pectoralis minor
Posterior: Subscapularis Latissimus dorsi, Teres major
Medial: Serratus anterior muscle
Lateral: Biceps muscle & Coracobrachialis muscle
Base: Skin/facia of the axilla
Base of axillary fossa
Anterior: Pectoralis major and pectoralis minor
Posterior: Subscapularis Latissimus dorsi, Teres major
Medial: Serratus anterior muscle
Lateral: Biceps muscle & Coracobrachialis muscle
Base: Skin/facia of the axilla
Contents of axillary fossa
- Axillary artery
- Axillary vein
- Brachial plexus
- Axillary lymph nodes
- Adipose tissue
borders of the deltopectoral groove/ triangle
Lateral: Deltoid muscle
Medial: Pectoralis major muscle
Superior: Clavicle
contents of the deltopectoral groove/ triangle
- Cephalic vein (It will pierce this region to join to axillary vein)
- Deltoid branch of Thoracoacrominal artery
Borders of cubital fossa
- Superior: Imaginary Horizontal line from Epicondyles of humerus
- Medial: Pronator teres muscle
- Lateral: Brachioradialis muscle
- Floor: Brachialis muscle
contents of cubital fossa
- Tendon of biceps muscle
- Brachial artery (which bifurcates in this region and gives Radial and Ulnar arteries )
- Median nerve
- Lateral cutaneus nerve of forearm
Borders of medial bicipital groove
between 2 structures: The Biceps muscle & the Triceps muscle - and the intermuscular septum (medial side).
Contents of medial bicipital groove
- Medial antebrachial cutaneus nerve (the most superficial structure )
- Basilic vein (is the structure which lies under this nerve)
- Ulnar nerve (partly) and Median nerve
- Brachial artery
What is the carpal tunnel?
An osteofibrous canal canal which is made by fibrous connective tissue and carpal bones
What does ulnar carpal eminence consist of?
- Pisiform
- Hook of hamate
What does radial carpal eminence consist of?
- Tubercle of scaphoid
- Trapezium
Contents of carpal tunnel
- 4 tendons of flexor digitorum superficialis
- 4 tendons of flexor digitorum profundus
- tendon of flexor pollicis longus
- Median nerve
- Tendon of flexor pollicis longus tendon of Flexor carpi radialis
Borders of Guyon’s canal
- Inferior: Pisiform & hook of hamate
- Sup.: pisohamate ligament & volar carpal ligament
- Roof is made by Flexor retinaculum
Contents of Guyon’s canal
ulnar nerve and artery
borders of anatomical snuff box/ radial foveola/tabatiere
- Ulnar: Extensor pollicis longus
- Radial: Pair of parallel tendons of Extensor pollicis brevis and Abductor pollicis longus
- Floor : Scaphoid & Trapezoid bones
contents of anatomical snuff box/ radial foveola/tabatiere
radial artery
=> makes crossing with tendons of Extensor pollicis longus, Extensor pollicis brevis and abductor pollicis longus
