Regional Classical Art Flashcards
Cycladic Idols
Bronze Age (c. 3000 B.C.–1000 B.C.)
Cycladic Art
large number of marble idols found in tombs, mainly standing nude female figure with arms folded across the chest
Palace of Knossos
Bronze Age (c. 3000–1000 B.C.)
Minoans (Crete)
Architecture
most ambitious palace found at Knossos,
excavated by archaeologist Sir Arthur Evans (1900)
Complicated maze of rooms (used as a residence and administrative center), multi-story,
characteristic downward tapering column, throne room (shown here)
Faience Snake Goddess
Bronze Age (c. 1600 B.C.)
Minoan (Crete)
Sculpture
La Parisienne
Bronze Age (c. 3000–1000 B.C.)
Minoan (Crete), Knossos
Painting
Fresco
The Prince of the Lillies
Bronze Age (c. 3000–1000 B.C.)
Minoan (Crete), Knossos
Painting
Fresco
Dolphin Fresco
Bronze Age (c. 3000–1000 B.C.)
Minoan (Crete), Knossos
Painting
Fresco
found in the Queen’s Megaron
Toreador Fresco
Bronze Age (c. 3000–1000 B.C.)
Minoan (Crete), Knossos
Painting
Fresco
Boxing Children
Bronze Age (c. 3000–1000 B.C.)
Minoan (Crete), Thera (Santorini)
Painting
Fresco
Blue Monkeys
Bronze Age (c. 3000–1000 B.C.)
Minoan (Crete), Thera (Santorini)
Painting
Fresco
Fisherman
Bronze Age (c. 3000–1000 B.C.)
Minoan (Crete), Thera (Santorini)
Painting
Fresco
Harvester Vase
Bronze Age (c. 3000–1000 B.C.)
Minoan (Crete)
Vase
Octopus Vase
Bronze Age (c. 3000–1000 B.C.)
Minoan (Crete)
Vase
Bull’s Head Rhyton
Bronze Age (c. 3000–1000 B.C.)
Minoan (Crete)
Vase
Lion Gate
Bronze Age (c. 3000–1000 B.C.)
Mycenaean (mainland Greece)
Mycenae is fortified with “cyclopean” walls, Lion Gate.
Treasury of Atreus
Bronze Age (c. 3000–1000 B.C.)
Mycenaean (mainland Greece)
tholos tomb—beehive shaped
Mask of Agamemnon
Bronze Age (c. 3000–1000 B.C.)
Mycenaean (mainland Greece)
Gold “Mask of Agamemnon” discovered by Heinrich Schliemann in shaft graves
Warrior Vase
Bronze Age (c. 3000–1000 B.C.)
Mycenaean (mainland Greece)
discovered by Heinrich Schliemann
Pylos
excavated by the American archaeologist Carl Blegen
Linear B Tablets
Bronze Age (c. 3000–1000 B.C.)
Michael Ventris (1950s) deciphered Linear B tablets
Amphora
Pottery
two-handled vase used for storage and transport
Krater
Pottery
used for mixing wine with water
Kylix
Pottery
drinking cup
Kantharos
Pottery
dinking cup
Lekythos
Pottery
used for oils and perfumes, and for pouring funeral libations
Protogeometric Pottery
(c. 1000–900 B.C.)
pots were decorated with black bands, wavy lines, and simple geometric designs, concentric circles
Geometric Pottery
(c. 900–700 B.C.)
human and animal figures added, meander pattern, triangles
Dipylon Vase
Geometric Pottery (c. 900–700 B.C.)
large vase that served as a grave monument, depicts a funeral scene
Orientalizing Pottery
(c. 700-600 B.C.)
pottery begins to show signs of influence from the East, decorative floral motifs, animals.
Eleusis Amphora
Orientalizing Pottery (c. 700–600 B.C.)
depicts the blinding of Polyphemus by Odysseus
Black Figure Pottery
developed c. 700 B.C.
in Corinth
the design is silhouetted in black against the reddish clay, details are scratched in with a needle
Francois Vase
Black Figure Pottery (c. 700 B.C.)
Painter: Kleitias
depicts the wedding of Peleus and Thetis
Ajax and Achilles Playing Dice
Black Figure Pottery (c. 700 B.C.)
Amphora by Exekias
Red Figure Pottery
invented c. 530 B.C.
in Athens
the figures are left red and the background is black, allows for greater detail, foreshortening
Death of Sarpedon
Red Figure Pottery
Krater by Euphronios
Kouros (Youth)
Sculpture
Archaic Period (c. 600–480 B.C.)
Male, free-standing nude, with one foot forward, stiff
Hair formalized (wig-like)
Unnatural looking “archaic smile”
New York Kouros
Archaic Period (c. 600 B.C.)
Sculpture
Kouros (Youth)
Male, free-standing nude, with one foot forward, stiff
Hair formalized (wig-like)
Unnatural looking “archaic smile”
Anavyssos Kouros
Archaic Period (c. 525 B.C.)
Sculpture
Kouros (Youth)
Male, free-standing nude, with one foot forward, stiff
Hair formalized (wig-like)
Unnatural looking “archaic smile”
Kore (Maiden)
Sculpture
Archaic Period (c. 600–480 B.C.)
Female, free-standing, but always clothed
Peplos Kore
Archaic Period (c. 530 B.C.)
Sculpture
Kore (Maiden)
Female, free-standing, but always clothed
Calf-Bearer
Archaic Period (c. 570 B.C.)
Sculpture
The Battle of the Gods and Giants
Archaic Period (c. 530 B.C.)
Sculpture
frieze from the Siphnian Treasury (Delphi)
Dying Warrior
Archaic Period (c. 490 B.C.)
Sculpture
Pediment of the Temple of Aphaea at Aegina
Kritios (Critias) Boy
c. 480 B.C.
Sculpture
marks the end of the Archaic and the beginning of the Classical Period. For the first time the figure is no longer looking or walking straight ahead, his head and the upper part of his body are turned, his weight shifts from one leg to another and his hips move (contrapposto)
Parthenon Sculpture
Classical Period (5th Century B.C.)
Sculptor: Phidias
92 metopes: North (Trojan War), East (Gigantomachy),
South (Lapiths and Centaurs), West (Amazonomachy)
Inner frieze: over 500 ft. in length, depicts Panathenaic Procession, done in low relief, skillful handling of space (as many as 6 horses shown riding abreast)
West pediment: competition between Athena and Poseidon for patronage of Athens East pediment: birth of Athena (surviving figures – Dionysus; Three Goddesses; and Demeter, Persephone, and Iris
Massive chryselephantine (gold and ivory) statue of Athena (kept in the cella) – does not survive
Elgin Marbles – the sculpture from the Parthenon displayed in the British Museum – taken there by Lord Elgin in the 19th century
Parthenon Inner Frieze
Classical Period (5th Century B.C.)
Sculpture
Sculptor: Phidias
over 500 ft. in length, depicts Panathenaic Procession, done in low relief, skillful handling of space (as many as 6 horses shown riding abreast)
Dionysus
Classical Period (5th Century B.C.)
Parthenon—East Pediment
Sculpture
Sculptor: Phidias
a surviving figure from depiction of birth of Athena
Three Goddesses
Classical Period (5th Century B.C.)
Parthenon—East Pediment
Sculpture
Sculptor: Phidias
a surviving figure from depiction of birth of Athena
Demeter, Persephone, and Iris
Classical Period (5th Century B.C.)
Parthenon—East Pediment
Sculpture
Sculptor: Phidias
a surviving figure from depiction of birth of Athena
Zeus of Artemesium
Classical Period (5th Century B.C.)
Bronze Sculpture
lighter than marble, allows for a variety of poses, statues show movement
Charioteer of Delphi
Classical Period (5th Century B.C.)
Bronze Sculpture
lighter than marble, allows for a variety of poses, statues show movement
Discobolus (Discus-Thrower)
Classical Period (5th Century B.C.)
Bronze Sculpture
Sculptor: Myron
only a Roman marble copy survives
lighter than marble, allows for a variety of poses, statues show movement
Doryphorus / Doryphoros (Spear-Thrower)
Classical Period (5th Century B.C.)
Bronze Sculpture
Sculptor: Polyclitus
survives only in marble copies,
stands in contrapposto position, represented the ideal proportions of the human body.
Polyclitus wrote a book on this subject called the Canon.
lighter than marble, allows for a variety of poses, statues show movement
Riace Bronzes
Classical Period (5th Century B.C.)
Bronze Sculpture
lighter than marble, allows for a variety of poses, statues show movement
Hermes and the Infant Dionysus
Late Classical Period (4th Century B.C.)
Sculpture
Sculptor: Praxiteles
elongated body, extreme contrapposto stance (S curve)
Aphrodite of Cnidos / Knidos
Late Classical Period (4th Century B.C.)
Sculpture
Sculptor: Praxiteles
known only through copies, first life-size female nude Renowned for its beauty
Apoxyomenos (the Scraper)
Late Classical Period (4th Century B.C.)
Sculpture
Sculptor: Lysippus; Alexander the Great’s personal sculptor, created stock representation of god-like Alexander, with tousled hair and eyes looking upward
known only from Roman copies
Hellenistic Period Sculpture
(323 B.C. ff.)
Sculpture is more dramatic and emotional than the Classical period, harsh diagonal lines, movement Realism: for the first time, the elderly and unattractive are portrayed
Dying Gaul
Hellenistic Period (323 B.C. ff.)
Sculpture
from Pergamum
Gigantomachy Frieze
Hellenistic Period (323 B.C. ff.)
Sculpture
from Altar of Zeus, Pergamum
Winged Victory of Samothrace
Hellenistic Period (323 B.C. ff.)
Sculpture
Laocoon Group
Hellenistic Period (323 B.C. ff.)
Sculpture
