Region_South Central Flashcards
Strategies: Census records: know when they were taken for each area, what survives, where to find them.
All states in this region have both federal and “other” census information available. Except OK, all of them have 1850 and up.
When did South-Central states begin keeping vital records?
No states in the South-Central area began keeping vital records (births and deaths) on a state basis until after 1900. Some counties recorded births and deaths earlier and usually kept marriage records from the creation of the county.
In what your did Missouri become a state?
1821
What are the types of records included in a probate?
Petition for probate, testimony identifying heirs, supplemental testimonies, notice of hearing, proof of service, order of formal proceedings, acceptance of appointment, letters of authority, notice to creditors, inventory, proof of service, sworn statement to close, certificate of completion, order of complete estate settlement, copy of will, copy of death certificate,
What is the typical probate process?
1) authenticate the last will, 2)appoint executor/rix, 3) post bond, 4) identify/notify creditors, 4) determine date of death values, 5) locate decedent’s assets, 6) pay creditors, 7) prepare tax files, 8) distribute the estate
BLM track books are available for what years?
1820-1908
Naturalization and citizenship records had standardized forms and process beginning when?
1906
Naturalization records in Missouri are found where?
Genealogy Program at www.uscis.gov
What are the two major points of entry in the South-Central region?
Galveston, TX and New Orleans, LA
A major ethnic group in Arkansas?
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A major ethnic group in Oklahoma?
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A major ethnic group in Texas?
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A major ethnic group in Kansas?
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A major ethnic group in Missouri?
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A major ethnic group in Louisiana?
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What South-Central state almost always includes Indians?
Oklahoma
In what year did white’s no longer require permission from the Indians to live there? And in what state was this?
Oklahoma, 1889
What tribes were in the Oklahoma territory as early as 1700’s
Caddo, Pawnee, and Wichita
By 1803, what tribes had migrated to eastern Oklahoma?
Quapaw, Oto and Osage
Who were the five civilized tribes moving into OK by 1837?
Cherokee, Choctaw, Creed or Muscogee, Chickasaw and Seminole.
Always use what kind of records first if possible? Define this type and where to find it.
Original records; created at or near the time of the event. Found at various jurisdiction levels.
How is indirect evidence used and assembled to support your conclusion?
1) set the research goal, 2) look first in most logical place, 3) look next in secondary. ie: birth? vitals…military, taxation, etc.
What do you do if there is conflicting information?
Evaluate each record. resolve conflicts and correlate findi ngs.
When would you use substitute records?
When a lack of records or record loss exists. ie: marriage might be recorded at county court, bible, church record, nexpaper
What foreign language skills might be useful in researching the South-Central region?
French, Spanish and German.
Describe the Genealogy Research Process (GPS)
DEFINE the research goal; SEARCH reliable sources; CITE each source as you go; ANALYZE sources, information and evidence; RESOLVE all conflicts; CONCLUDE with written proof.
What is the first step of the GPS?
Define research goal: a statement to prove, question to answer, or hypothesis to test.
What is the second step of the GPS?
Search reliable sources: conduct a reasonably exhaustive search in reliable sources for all information that is or may be pertinent to the research goal.
What is the third step of the GPS?
Cite each source; a complete accurate citation to the source/s of each item of information we consult.
What is the fourth step of the GPS?
Analyze sources, information and evidence. Correlate the collected information and analyze and assess it s quality as evidence.
What are sources?
artifacts, documents, books, person, general ephemera, etc.
How we we assess a source?
ORIGINAL-first oral or recorded form; DERIVATIVE-taken from an original; usually already spoken or written.
When is a derivative source treated as an original source?
DUPLICATE ORIGINAL-made at the same time as the original.; IMAGE COPY-film, photo, digital copy or original; RECORD COPY-(clerk’s copy)
What is INFORMATION and how do we qualify it’s weight?
In formation is data that makes up a source. It can be PRIMARY- firsthand participant or witness; SECONDARY-second hand, non-participant
What do we mean by EVIDENCE?
EVIDENCE is our interpretation of relevant information.
How do we know if the EVIDENCE is good?
DIRECT evidence-answers the research question by itself; INDIRECT - relevant, but cannot stand alone in the argument; NEGATIVE - inference drawn from absence of information that should exists in a a record but is missing.
What is the fifth step in the GPS?
RESOLVE all conflicts by comparing the items of evidence that are in conflict. ORIGINAL sources usually carry more weight than derivatives; PRIMARY information carries more weight than secondary; and INDIRECT evidence can carry just as much or more weight than DIRECT.
What is the sixth step in the GPS?
CONCLUDE with written proof - soundly reasoned, coherently written conclusion.
What is PROOF ARGUMENT?
In a Proof Argument you explain the problem, identify the known resources, present evidence with citations and analysis, discuss any conflicts, and summarize the main points and defend your hypothesis.
What is a FINAL CONCLUSION in genealogical research?
A lie. There is not such thing as a final conclusion. New information can agree, disagree or disprove the current conclusion.
What is genealogy
a line of descent traced continuously from an ancestor.
