Regents Review

Question 1

What are all living things made up of?

Answer 1

Cells

Question 2

What is Homeostasis?

Answer 2

Internal Balance

Question 3

What does the Nucleus do?

Answer 3

Contains DNA

Question 4

What does the Ribosome do?

Answer 4

Site of protein synthesis

Question 5

What does the Mitochondria do?

Answer 5

Site of cellular respiration
(makes ATP energy)

Question 6

What does the Chloroplasts do?

Answer 6

Site of Photosynthesis

Question 7

Three types of Vacuoles?

Answer 7

Storage, Food, Contractile -(Active Transport)

Question 8

What does the Cell Membrane do?

Answer 8

Helps regulate what comes in and out of the cell

Question 9

What is the Cell Wall?

Answer 9

Strong, Gives support, Only in Plants

Question 10

Diffusion requires…?

Answer 10

No Energy ( High - Low Concentration)

Question 11

Active Transport…?

Answer 11

Requires Energy (Low - High Concentration)

Question 12

Diffusion of Water?

Answer 12

Osmosis

Question 13

More Salt causes the cell to?

Answer 13

Shrivel up

Question 14

More Water causes the cell to?

Answer 14

Expand

Question 15

Digestive System…?

Answer 15

Chemically breaks down large molecules into smaller molecules which can be absorbed

Question 16

Circulatory System…?

Answer 16

Carries oxygenated blood to the body and deoxygenated blood out as well as nutrients

Question 17

Respiratory System…?

Answer 17

Brings Oxygen into the body and gets rid of Carbon DIoxide

Question 18

Skeletal and Muscular Systems…?

Answer 18

Aids in Locomotion and movement

Question 19

Excretion System…?

Answer 19

Removes metabolic wastes

Question 20

Nervous and Endocrine System…?

Answer 20

Controls other systems and Coordination

Question 21

Nervous System…?

Answer 21

Brain and Spinal Cord

Question 22

Endocrine System…?

Answer 22

Glands that secrete hormones into the Circulatory System

Question 23

Immune System…?

Answer 23

Fights diseases

Question 24

Antibodies are?

Answer 24

Good

Question 25

Antigens are?

Answer 25

Bad

Question 26

Reproduction System...?

Answer 26

Produce Offspring by Asexual Reproduction or Sexual Reproduction

Question 27

Asexual Reproduction?

Answer 27

One parent, looks identical

Question 28

Sexual Reproduction?

Answer 28

Two parents, Gametes

Question 29

Villi?

Answer 29

Absorb Nutrients

Question 30

Capillary?

Answer 30

1 cell thick

Question 31

Alveoli?

Answer 31

Gas exchange takes place within the lungs

Question 32

Two Systems that work together?

Answer 32

Circulatory system brings filtered blood through the body and deoxygenated blood to the lungs where the respiratory system exchanges it for air

Question 33

Malfunctions of the body systems?

Answer 33

Any system- Cancer

Question 34

Photosynthesis?

Answer 34

Created Oxygen and Food

Question 35

Formula for Photosynthesis?

Answer 35

C6H12O6 + O2 + H2O

Question 36

Formula for Respiration?

Answer 36

CO2 + H2O + ATP

Question 37

What are enzymes?

Answer 37

Protein Molecules made up if amino acids, Catalysts

Question 38

What is is called when a enzyme combines with a specific substrat?

Answer 38

Lock and Key Model

Question 39

What is it called when an enzyme is destroyed?

Answer 39

Denaturing

Question 40

What are enzymes affected by?

Answer 40

Temperature and Ph

Question 41

Normal Human Body Temperature is?

Answer 41

98.6 degrees F

Question 42

Negative Feedback?

Answer 42

High Blood Sugar- Pancreas Produces Insulin- Low Blood sugar- Pancreas stops- Repeat

Question 43

Positive Feedback?

Answer 43

ChildBirth

Question 44

What are Guard Cells?

Answer 44

Regulate the size of the openings through which water vapor escapes from leaves

Question 45

Dynamic equilibrium?

Answer 45

Process similar to Homeostasis when the body makes small adjustments to keep a balanced internal environment

Question 46

List 2 diseases...

Answer 46

Cancer and Inherited disorders

Question 47

Cancer? 1 Example

Answer 47

Uncontrolled division of mutated cells which can lead to a tumor (Lung Cancer)

Question 48

Inherited disorders? 1 Example

Answer 48

Diseases that are passed in genetic information from parents (Down syndrome)

Question 49

White Blood cells fight diseases by?

Answer 49

Engulfing and destroying pathogens, produces antibodies, identifying invaders for destruction

Question 50

Things on the end of Antigens (Bad)?

Answer 50

Receptors

Question 51

Vaccinations are...?

Answer 51

Weakened or dead pathogens

Question 52

AIDS is...?

Answer 52

A viral diseases that attacks the immune system

Question 53

Transplanted organs are?

Answer 53

Foreign " Non Self"

Question 54

Sex Cells have how many chromosomes?

Answer 54

23 chromosomes / Haploid Cell

Question 55

Body Cells have how many chromosomes?

Answer 55

46 chromosomes / Diploid Cell

Question 56

1 Base + 1 Sugar Molecule + 1 Phosphate Molecule creates what?

Answer 56

Nucleotide

Question 57

A -

Answer 57

T

Question 58

G -

Answer 58

C

Question 59

Single strand of copied DNA?

Answer 59

mRNA

Question 60

DNA - mRNA?

Answer 60

Transcription

Question 61

mRNA - Protein?

Answer 61

Translation

Question 62

A change in DNA is what?

Answer 62

Mutation

Question 63

A base pair is missing?

Answer 63

Deletion

Question 64

An extra base pair is inserted?

Answer 64

Addition

Question 65

A base pair is substituted?

Answer 65

Substitution

Question 66

Several base pairs are turned around and now out of sequence?

Answer 66

Inversion

Question 67

Selective Breeding?

Answer 67

When humans choose desirable traits

Question 68

Transgenic organism?

Answer 68

DNA from 2 different species

Question 69

Cloning?

Answer 69

Identical organism, form of asexual Reproduction

Question 70

Mitosis?

Answer 70

46 chromosomes splits into 2 new cells that both have 46 chromosomes

Question 71

Meiosis?

Answer 71

Sexual Reproduction and Gametes are produced with 1/2 the normal number of chromosomes