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Living Environment Regents Review > Regents Review > Flashcards

Regents Review Flashcards

1
Q

What are all living things made up of?

A

Cells

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2
Q

What is Homeostasis?

A

Internal Balance

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3
Q

What does the Nucleus do?

A

Contains DNA

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4
Q

What does the Ribosome do?

A

Site of protein synthesis

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5
Q

What does the Mitochondria do?

A

Site of cellular respiration
(makes ATP energy)

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6
Q

What does the Chloroplasts do?

A

Site of Photosynthesis

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7
Q

Three types of Vacuoles?

A

Storage, Food, Contractile -(Active Transport)

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8
Q

What does the Cell Membrane do?

A

Helps regulate what comes in and out of the cell

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9
Q

What is the Cell Wall?

A

Strong, Gives support, Only in Plants

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10
Q

Diffusion requires…?

A

No Energy ( High - Low Concentration)

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11
Q

Active Transport…?

A

Requires Energy (Low - High Concentration)

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12
Q

Diffusion of Water?

A

Osmosis

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13
Q

More Salt causes the cell to?

A

Shrivel up

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14
Q

More Water causes the cell to?

A

Expand

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15
Q

Digestive System…?

A

Chemically breaks down large molecules into smaller molecules which can be absorbed

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16
Q

Circulatory System…?

A

Carries oxygenated blood to the body and deoxygenated blood out as well as nutrients

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17
Q

Respiratory System…?

A

Brings Oxygen into the body and gets rid of Carbon DIoxide

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18
Q

Skeletal and Muscular Systems…?

A

Aids in Locomotion and movement

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19
Q

Excretion System…?

A

Removes metabolic wastes

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20
Q

Nervous and Endocrine System…?

A

Controls other systems and Coordination

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21
Q

Nervous System…?

A

Brain and Spinal Cord

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22
Q

Endocrine System…?

A

Glands that secrete hormones into the Circulatory System

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23
Q

Immune System…?

A

Fights diseases

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24
Q

Antibodies are?

A

Good

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25
Q

Antigens are?

A

Bad

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26
Q

Reproduction System…?

A

Produce Offspring by Asexual Reproduction or Sexual Reproduction

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27
Q

Asexual Reproduction?

A

One parent, looks identical

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28
Q

Sexual Reproduction?

A

Two parents, Gametes

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29
Q

Villi?

A

Absorb Nutrients

30
Q

Capillary?

A

1 cell thick

31
Q

Alveoli?

A

Gas exchange takes place within the lungs

32
Q

Two Systems that work together?

A

Circulatory system brings filtered blood through the body and deoxygenated blood to the lungs where the respiratory system exchanges it for air

33
Q

Malfunctions of the body systems?

A

Any system- Cancer

34
Q

Photosynthesis?

A

Created Oxygen and Food

35
Q

Formula for Photosynthesis?

A

C6H12O6 + O2 + H2O

36
Q

Formula for Respiration?

A

CO2 + H2O + ATP

37
Q

What are enzymes?

A

Protein Molecules made up if amino acids, Catalysts

38
Q

What is is called when a enzyme combines with a specific substrat?

A

Lock and Key Model

39
Q

What is it called when an enzyme is destroyed?

A

Denaturing

40
Q

What are enzymes affected by?

A

Temperature and Ph

41
Q

Normal Human Body Temperature is?

A

98.6 degrees F

42
Q

Negative Feedback?

A

High Blood Sugar- Pancreas Produces Insulin- Low Blood sugar- Pancreas stops- Repeat

43
Q

Positive Feedback?

A

ChildBirth

44
Q

What are Guard Cells?

A

Regulate the size of the openings through which water vapor escapes from leaves

45
Q

Dynamic equilibrium?

A

Process similar to Homeostasis when the body makes small adjustments to keep a balanced internal environment

46
Q

List 2 diseases…

A

Cancer and Inherited disorders

47
Q

Cancer? 1 Example

A

Uncontrolled division of mutated cells which can lead to a tumor (Lung Cancer)

48
Q

Inherited disorders? 1 Example

A

Diseases that are passed in genetic information from parents (Down syndrome)

49
Q

White Blood cells fight diseases by?

A

Engulfing and destroying pathogens, produces antibodies, identifying invaders for destruction

50
Q

Things on the end of Antigens (Bad)?

51
Q

Vaccinations are…?

A

Weakened or dead pathogens

52
Q

AIDS is…?

A

A viral diseases that attacks the immune system

53
Q

Transplanted organs are?

A

Foreign “ Non Self”

54
Q

Sex Cells have how many chromosomes?

A

23 chromosomes / Haploid Cell

55
Q

Body Cells have how many chromosomes?

A

46 chromosomes / Diploid Cell

56
Q

1 Base + 1 Sugar Molecule + 1 Phosphate Molecule creates what?

A

Nucleotide

57
Q

A -

58
Q

G -

59
Q

Single strand of copied DNA?

60
Q

DNA - mRNA?

A

Transcription

61
Q

mRNA - Protein?

A

Translation

62
Q

A change in DNA is what?

63
Q

A base pair is missing?

64
Q

An extra base pair is inserted?

65
Q

A base pair is substituted?

A

Substitution

66
Q

Several base pairs are turned around and now out of sequence?

67
Q

Selective Breeding?

A

When humans choose desirable traits

68
Q

Transgenic organism?

A

DNA from 2 different species

69
Q

Cloning?

A

Identical organism, form of asexual Reproduction

70
Q

Mitosis?

A

46 chromosomes splits into 2 new cells that both have 46 chromosomes

71
Q

Meiosis?

A

Sexual Reproduction and Gametes are produced with 1/2 the normal number of chromosomes

Living Environment Regents Review (1 decks)

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