Regeneration and Advanced Surgery (Sabatini) Flashcards
What is the most common cause of alveolar bone defects?
Tooth loss
What are 5 causes of alveolar bone defects?
- Tooth loss
- Infection
- Trauma
- Congenital defect
- Pathology
What is the term for the loss of osseous volume with a resultant soft-tissue and bone deficiency?
Alveolar ridge resorption
What is the order of alveolar bone loss following tooth extraction?
- Buccal
- Lingual
- Palatal or crestal
The Abrams study in 1987 found alveolar ridge defects in how many partially edentulous anterior ridges?
91%
What was the most common alveolar ridge defect found int he 91% of alveolar ridge defects in the Abrams study of partially edentulous anterior ridges?
Combination of height and width deficiency
Carlsson and Persson studies found that 90% of all ridge resorption is due to tooth loss and what percentage was vertical resorption and width resorption and their respective time frames?
- Vertical ridge resorption within 2-4 months in 34-55%
2. Ridge width resorption within 1-3 years in 25-90%
The Bartee study showed that bone loss was accelerated in what time period after tooth loss?
1st 6 months
What s the name for the ridge defect classifications?
Seibert class
What is the Seibert classification of a buccolingual defect (width of bone only)?
Seibert Class I
What is the Seibert classification of a buccolingual defect (width of bone only)?
Seibert Class I
What is the Seibert classification of a combination of both buccolingual and apicocoronal ridge defects?
Seibert Class III
Is regeneration of the alveolar ridge the same things as guided tissue regeneration (i.e. regeneration around a tooth)?
No
What are 2 general materials for guided bone regeneration?
- Bone Graft
2. Membrane
What is the purpose of the bone graft in guided bone regerneation?
Provides a scaffold for cells and vessels to grow into and eventually resorb the graft
What is the purpose of the membrane over the bone graft in guided bone regeneration?
Allow fluids / serum into the graft but block out fast growing epithelial and connective tissue fibroblasts that would crowd out the slower growing bone
What are 3 general types of particulate bone graft options?
- Autografts (donor is self)
- Allografts (donor is the same species)
- Xenografts (donor is a different species)
What are 2 allograft types?
- Decalcified freeze-dried bone allograft (DFDBA)
2. Freeze-dried bone allograft (FDBA)
What is an allograft that contains bone morphogenic proteins (BMP) ansis used more around teeth?
Decalcified freeze-dried bone allograft (DFDBA)
What is an allograft that is used for ridge augmentation because it has more mineralized content which is better for guided bone regeneration?
Freeze-dried bone allograft (FDBA)
What are 2 general types of membranes used to cover the particulate bone graft for guided bone regeneration?
- Nonresorbable
2. Resorbable
What is an example of a non-resorbable membrane?
PTFE Teflon
What resorb able membranes are used at VCU?
Porcine and bovine collagen
What are 6 general requirements for guided bone regeneration?
- Blood Supply
- Osteoblasts
- Confined space
- Space maintenance
- Stabilization
- Wound coverage
What is a method to stimulate a blood supply for guided bone regeneration?
Curettage or create blood flow with a bur
What wound coverage is desired for guided bone regeneration?
Primar closure
What are 2 techniques for treatment of the edentulous ridges?
- Alveolar ridge preservation
2. Alveolar ridge augmentation
When is alveolar ridge preservation indicated?
When teeth come out
When is alveolar ridge augmentation indicated?
When damage has already been done
What are synonyms for alveolar ridge preservation?
- Socket preservation
2. Alveolar ridge maintenance
What is the term for placement of osteoconductive material in extraction sites to MAINTAIN the physiologic and anatomic integrity of alveolar bone?
Alveolar ridge preservation
What is the surgical grafting procedure designed to CORRECT deformed alveolar ridges by restoring lost bone?
Alveolar ridge augmentation
An anterior socket indicates which surgery: alveolar ridge preservation or alveolar ridge augmentation?
Alveolar ridge preservation
When would alveolar ridge preservation be indicated in the posterior?
When the socket is to be restored with implants
What is a key area preserved in atraumatic tooth removal that aides in alveolar ridge preservation?
Buccal plate
What graft material is used for socket preservation during alveolar ridge preservation: DFDBA or FDBA?
FDBA
What is the main goal of alveolar ridge preservation in extraction sites?
Protect the buccolingual width
What are 2 ways to augment an alveolar ridge?
- Soft-tissue
2. Bone graft
What dictates what is used for the alveolar ridge augmentation?
Restorative plan (e.g. is the ridge going to hold an implant or support an FPD)?
What are 2 types of soft tissue ridge augmentation techniques?
- Onlay graft
2. Connective tissue graft
What must be first created for a soft tissue onlay graft?
Bleeding bed
What is the normal soft tissue graft type?
Autograft