Regenerating Places Flashcards
London East End demographics
Pop density - 14,000 per km2
Lowest median age in UK - 29
Highest ethnic mix - 31% White British
Large knowledge economy
London Docklands decline
Closed in 1981 as couldn’t accommodate larger container vessels
60% men were unemployed in East London
Pop fell by 100,000
London Docklands regeneration
Market led regeneration - London Docklands Development Corporation
New CBD - Canary Wharf
Jubilee Line on the underground
London City airport
Gentrification
(Still lowest LE in London in Tower Hamlets, still deprivation)
London 2012 Olympics
Attracted investment
Olympic Park Site - built on brownfield site
12,000 permanent jobs
9,000 new homes
‘One Planet Olympics’ - conserve biodiversity, zero waste, minimise CO2 emissions
£17 billion spent on infrastructure improvements
East Devon
Pop density - 170 per km2
Median age - 47
30% over-65
Limited ethnic mix - 93% White British
Popular retirement destination
Sydney - successful place
Large quaternary sector (leading finance)
10th in world for quality of life
Young workforce
Time zone allows trading with Europe and USA
Low levels of multiple deprivation
‘Sun-belt city’ - attractive environment
Rust Belt - unsuccessful place
Decline of the coal and steel industry due to overseas competition and mechanisation of coal mines
Negative multiplier and downward spiral of decline
Population decline
Beatyville - 1/2 families live below the poverty line, homelessness and drug crime
Grampound, Cornwall - community engagement
90% became shareholders in local shop
63% voted in the Parish Council election (30% nationally)
Heathrow airport
Boost international trade
Strengthens international trade links
2011 London Riots
Looting of shops
5 deaths, 2,000 arrests
£500 million damage to property
Causes:
Ethnic tensions
Inequality
Lack of economic opportunity
HS2
Links London and North
Reduces congestion
60,000 construction jobs
Regenerating cities e.g. Birmingham
Cost £50 billion
Multiplier effect
Reduce CO2 emissions, make motorways safer
Loss of land which could be used to solve the housing crisis
Titanic Quarter Belfast
£97 million tourist attraction
Plymouth - urban regeneration
Drake Circus shopping centre - £240 million
Science park linked to university
Royal William Yard - grade 1 listed, regenerated into shops, restaurants and apartments
Needed regenerating due to decline in manufacturing industry, high unemployment, inability to attract private sector investment
Aims to - improve transport links, incr tourism, incr and employment, boost local economy and reduce poverty
Cornwall - rural regeneration
Post production countryside, now reliant on seasonal tourism
Isolated as journey times lone, far from economic core
Set up enterprise zones where there’s no need for planning, tax allowances
Brain drain - lowest average earnings
Lack of investment - lack of opportunity
20% of Cornish people earn less than living wage
No more convergence funding from EU
Strategies used in Cornwall
Watergate Bay - watersports
Combined Universities - knowledge economy
Wave Hub - wave power research project
Eden Project - £1.1 billion for Cornish economy, uses local suppliers, brownfield site
95% have superfast fibre broadband to attract ‘footloose’ industries
