REGENERATING PLACES Flashcards
Identity one way of comparing exotic inequality between two places in the same country
House prices
Average wages
Unemployment
Suggest why derelict land might differ between these local authorities
Amount of funding/ income of local authority and business varies so the level of investment into clearing contaminated/ brown field sites will be higher in developed, more high income areas such as London which has low levels of derelict land compared to less developed areas as governments have to prioritise on benefits and other sectors.
Describe two viewpoint shown in the Merida about the need for regeneration in your chosen local space
Newham
- Blogs by local people who have lived in the community are often more honest and present personal accounts and f the limited opportunities and stresses within the area
- Local newspapers exaggerate or exemplify negative stories such as Newham having one of the highest rates of unemployment in the UK so new job opportunities are needed
Why local opinions may differ about ways to regenerate places?
Opinion vary as stakeholder hold different priorities and perceptions of the needs of the area and the best way to increase development and promote the area to increase standard and quality of living.
Local government will prioritise economic growth and income as a way to increase funding and investment into the area. If an area is seen to be attractive like in Newham after the regeneration for the 2012 Olympics more global companies will open up business in the newly built Stratford shopping centre as a flagship pedestrianised area will draw in richer clientele who are willing to spend money elsewhere. This will also be attractive to local businesses as a higher number of people visiting the area will increase their income and profits allowing them to grow and become more recognised but may also force them to close down as people are not interested in less popular local stores and rent prices will increase.
However other stakeholders such as longer term local residents will have a sense of attachment in the appearance of the area and the tight knit local community and social housing is more attractive leading to conflict to with developers who want to build profitable housing. Views will depend on the meaning and the lives experience of that area as those of different ages/ genders/ ethnicity will asses regeneration using contrasting criteria so will create disagreements even within stakeholders
Asses why local stakeholders might use different criteria when judging the success of regeneration strategies in urban or rural places
Regeneration includes a range of strategies including infrastructure change, development, rebranding as well as local government policies and investment. The success of ruse strageties can be measure by economic, demographic, social and environmental criteria and the scale of the strategy which means different stakeholders will have different criteria and goals in mind.
Local governments will prioritise economic growth and output as a way of judging the success of regeneration strategies. Such as seen in Cornwall and the Eden Project which injected £1.1bn into the Cornish economy with the first ten years from a combination of conservatories education centres and hostels. It also meant there was over £13 million visitors who are willing to spend money in local restaurants and hotels promoting economic growth in local businesses.
However in terms of the local residents this may have positive but also negative impacts. Regeneration such as the Eden project and the wave hub created over 650 and 170 jobs respectively and super fast broadband has encouraged over 2000 jobs and contributes £200m a year. This will help decrease the brain drain in the area as younger people are more likely to remain in the area due to increased eleven of opportunities and decrease the number of commuter villages. But it can slo have detrimental effects such as noise and physical pollution due to increased traffic and overcrowding on roads and local transport and families and older resident may value a cleaner environment with more children’s activities putting an emphasis on social impacts.
Environmentalists will also judge success through measuring biodiversity and the increase in pollution levels which will also be prioritised by local residents as they want to maintain their quality of air and health. This views coincide with local health authorities who will favour a healthier lifestyle such as outdoor gyms as part of a rebranded park which will maintain the natural beauty within the area
Overall projects such as the The Eden project brings a balance between all stakeholder s with the local residents benefitting from the introduction of super fast broadband and funding into the local area as over £1.1 billion injected into the economy will have a trickle down effect through the government as well as bringing new recreational activities such as the Watergate Bay sports academy. Environmentalsits use criteria based on its environmental impact as people are education centres tell people about sustainable living and people learn about conservation.
Describe the change in the level of multiple deprivation along the transect
Levels of income deprivation decline from the start at 20-30% to the finish which is 10% most deprived of the transect. The change is not regular with level of income deprivation varying at different points along the line
State one advantage and one disadvantage of displaying data using a chloropleth map
ADV: shows distribution of a factor over an area allowing for easier comparison as it is easy to see the deprived areas from the less deprived areas
DISADV: Sudden changes are implied between boundaries which in unlikely in reality and it can be difficult to distinguish different shades of colour and accurate comparisons cannot be made as their is no quantitative data
Study Figures 7a, 7b, 7c and 7d in the Resource Booklet.
The Indian government has prevented any further changes in function by the TNC in the Niyamgiri hills.
Evaluate the extent to which this decision will benefit the players in the Niyamgiri hills.
IMPACTS TO LOCALS:
Groups in the RB include: Dongria Kondh, farmers, people in plains
below the mountains, the TNC, its employees and the wider world.
Dongria Kondh’s identity will be protected as they can continue their
way of life, land, community and food and energy sources, and for the environment, if mining is banned,
As the refinery will still exist, there will be threats to life style.
They have benefited from the school and hospital provided by TNC,
which may be removed if the mine does not go ahead.
Drinking water will still be available.
IMPACTS TO GOV:
TNC provides jobs and revenue which benefit both local communities and through tax, the national government,
IMPACTS TO TNC:
TNC loses out from having reliable, local and low cost supplies.
There are costs for TNCs and governments if they are exposed to
public disapproval via objections and publicity.
GLOBAL IMPACTS:
Possible cures and food supplies may be obtained from the forest, which may benefit the rest of India or the world’s people.
Suggest the impact of a food based TNC on local people culture
Cultural diffusion takes place as local Thai food is replaced by western style fast food so local restaurants close as more foreign food outlets open
Describe two ways disadvantaged groups have benefitted from the spread of global culture
Paralympic movement celebrates success and achievements of disabled people encouraging equality of opportunity.
Global media such as YouTube has raised awareness for ducal artist uses so minority genders/ sexualities and groups demand rights and equal opportunities
Suggest one reason why those with a low level of education were less likely to vote
They have lower levels of endgame t with politics because they fell like their views are not represented by politicians who don’t understand their needs or pressures
Explain two international influences that have affected a local place you have studied
Beatyville, USA
Companies have moved overseas due to global shift in services and manufacturing as overseas products are cheaper for companies leaving high rates of unemployment
Large number of migrants from a particular religion live there so places of worship are increasing in number to meet the needs of local people
Explain different ways or measuring the success of regeneration strategies
Successful regeneration is measured differently by different stakeholders in an area. One of these is local governments who priories economic growth and opportunities as success in an area. It can be measured using the value of property and businesses within an area as well as in the terms of increased incomes and employment rates as the number of jobs and opportunities increases.
