Refuelling

Question 1

During refuelling, the aircraft and ground fuelling equipment shall be so located that no fuel tank filling points or vent outlets lie:

Answer 1

• within 5 m (17 ft) of any sealed building
• within 6 m (20 ft) of other stationary aircraft
• within 15 m (50 ft) of any exposed public area
• within 15 m (50 ft) of any unsealed building in the case of aircraft with a maximum take-off weight in excess of 5700 kg (12,566 lb)
• within 9 m (30 ft) of any unsealed building in the case of aircraft with a maximum take-off weight not exceeding 5700 kg (12,566 lb).

Question 2

An aircraft engine shall not be started or operated:

Answer 2

• within 5 m (17 ft) of any sealed building
• within 8 m (25 ft) of other aircraft
• within 15 m (50 ft) of any exposed public area
• within 8 m (25 ft) of any unsealed building in the case of an aircraft with a maximum take-off weight not exceeding 5700 kg (12,566 lb).

Question 3

When operating a helicopter under VFR, and the use of helicopter VMC is permissible at the destination, the pilot in command must provide for a suitable alternate aerodrome when either of the following conditions is forecast at the destination:

Answer 3

• cloud – more than SCT below a ceiling of 1000 ft or
• visibility – less than 3000 m.

Question 4

Except when operating an aircraft under VFR by day within 50 nm of the point of departure, the pilot in command must provide for a suitable alternate aerodrome when arrival at the destination will be during the currency of, or up to 30 minutes prior to the forecast commencement of, the following weather conditions:

Answer 4

• cloud – more than SCT below the alternate minimum
• visibility – less than the alternate minimum
• visibility – greater than the alternate minimum, but the forecast is endorsed with a percentage probability of fog, mist, dust or any other phenomenon restricting visibility below the alternate minima or
• wind – a crosswind or downwind component more than the maximum for the aircraft. Wind gusts must be considered.

Question 5

Intermittent or temporary deteriorations in the weather below those values are forecast, provision of an alternate need not be made if sufficient additional fuel is carried to allow the aircraft to hold for:

Answer 5

• 30 minutes for intermittent deterioration (INTER) and
• 60 minutes for temporary deterioration (TEMPO).

Question 6

When thunderstorms, or their associated severe turbulence, or their probability are forecast at the destination, sufficient additional fuel must be carried to permit the aircraft to proceed to a suitable alternate or to hold for:

Answer 6

• 30 minutes when the forecast is endorsed INTER or
• 60 minutes when the forecast is endorsed TEMPO.

Question 7

When TAFs include an FM or a BECMG causing an operational requirement to either become effective or be removed, the timing for the change in operational requirement is as follows (AIP ENR 1.1):

Answer 7

• when the weather during the FM or BECMG is forecast to create an operational requirement, that operational requirement will become effective 30 minutes before the onset of the FM time, or 30 minutes before the start of the BECMG period; and
• when the weather during the FM or BECMG is forecast to remove an operational requirement, that operational requirement will remain effective until 30 minutes after the FM time, or 30 minutes after the end of the BECMG period.