Refraction

Question 1

What is refraction?

Answer 1

The bending of light as it passes from one medium to another due to a change in speed.

Question 2

What is the refractive index?

Answer 2

A dimensionless number that describes how light propagates through a medium.

Question 3

Fill in the blank: The formula for calculating the refractive index (n) is n = _____ / c.

Answer 3

v

Question 4

What does ‘n’ represent in the refractive index formula?

Answer 4

The refractive index of the medium.

Question 5

True or False: The speed of light is faster in water than in air.

Answer 5

False

Question 6

What happens to light when it enters a denser medium?

Answer 6

It slows down and bends towards the normal.

Question 7

What is Snell’s Law?

Answer 7

The law that relates the angles of incidence and refraction to the refractive indices of the two media.

Question 8

Fill in the blank: According to Snell’s Law, n1 * sin(theta1) = _____ * sin(theta2).

Answer 8

n2

Question 9

What is total internal reflection?

Answer 9

The complete reflection of light back into a medium when it hits the boundary at an angle greater than the critical angle.

Question 10

True or False: The critical angle depends on the refractive indices of both media.

Answer 10

True

Question 11

What is the critical angle?

Answer 11

The angle of incidence above which total internal reflection occurs.

Question 12

Fill in the blank: The critical angle can be calculated using the formula: sin(critical angle) = _____ / n2.

Answer 12

1/n1

Question 13

What is the relationship between the angle of incidence and the angle of refraction in a less dense to a denser medium?

Answer 13

The angle of refraction is smaller than the angle of incidence.

Question 14

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is true about refraction? A) It occurs in a vacuum B) It can occur at any boundary C) It only occurs with visible light.

Answer 14

B) It can occur at any boundary

Question 15

How does temperature affect the refractive index of air?

Answer 15

As temperature increases, the refractive index of air decreases.

Question 16

True or False: A prism can disperse light due to refraction.

Answer 16

True

Question 17

What is the phenomenon called when different wavelengths of light are refracted by different amounts?

Answer 17

Dispersion

Question 18

Fill in the blank: The angle of deviation in a prism depends on the _____ of the prism.

Answer 18

angle and material

Question 19

What happens to light when it passes from glass to air?

Answer 19

It speeds up and bends away from the normal.

Question 20

Multiple Choice: Which material has the highest refractive index? A) Air B) Water C) Diamond

Answer 20

C) Diamond

Question 21

What is the formula for calculating the speed of light in a medium?

Answer 21

v = c/n, where c is the speed of light in vacuum and n is the refractive index.

Question 22

True or False: Light travels slower in a vacuum than in glass.

Answer 22

False

Question 23

What is an optical fiber?

Answer 23

A thin flexible fiber with a glass or plastic core that transmits light signals through total internal reflection.

Question 24

Fill in the blank: Optical fibers rely on _____ to transmit data over long distances.

Answer 24

total internal reflection

Question 25

What is the effect of increasing the angle of incidence on the angle of refraction?

Answer 25

The angle of refraction increases until it reaches the critical angle.

Question 26

Multiple Choice: What type of lens is used to converge light rays? A) Concave B) Convex C) Cylindrical

Answer 26

B) Convex

Question 27

What is the focal point of a lens?

Answer 27

The point where parallel rays of light converge or appear to diverge after passing through the lens.

Question 28

True or False: A concave lens diverges light rays.

Answer 28

True

Question 29

What is the lens maker's equation used for?

Answer 29

To determine the focal length of a lens based on its curvature and the refractive indices of its materials.

Question 30

Fill in the blank: The lens maker's equation is 1/f = (n - 1) * (1/R1 - 1/R2), where f is the _____ of the lens.

Answer 30

focal length

Question 31

What is the purpose of a refracting telescope?

Answer 31

To magnify distant objects using lenses.

Question 32

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a real-life application of refraction? A) Camera lenses B) Mirrors C) Solar panels

Answer 32

A) Camera lenses

Question 33

What is the principle behind the operation of a magnifying glass?

Answer 33

Refraction of light through a convex lens.

Question 34

True or False: The image formed by a concave lens is always virtual.

Answer 34

True

Question 35

What is a virtual image?

Answer 35

An image formed by rays that appear to diverge from a point, but do not actually converge.

Question 36

Fill in the blank: The angle of incidence is equal to the angle of _____ in a vacuum.

Answer 36

refraction