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Final Review > Refract Theory Review > Flashcards

Refract Theory Review Flashcards

1
Q

The average power of the eye in total is +43.00D

T/F

A

False

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2
Q

The optical image is that image formed by the eyes optical system and may or may not be on the retina.

T/F

A

true

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3
Q

The retina image is that image formed on the retina and may or may not be clear.

T/F

A

True

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4
Q

The larger the blue circle on the retina, the stronger the refractive error.

T/F

A

true

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5
Q

All of the following are associated with hyperopia except:
Eyeball too small
Corrected with plus lenses
light from distance point comes behind retina
distance between lens and retina is too great

A

distance between lens and retina is too great

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6
Q

In regard to visual acuity, 20/20 Snellen E, 6/6 metric, and 1.0 all mean the same thing.

T/F

A

true

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7
Q

The fovea centrallis contains the highest percentage of rods in the retina.

T/F

A

false

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8
Q 
The main function of the sclera is:
Nourishment
Muscular
Protection
Cosmetic
A

Protection

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9
Q

An uncorrected myope has good VA at distance but poor VA at near.

T/F

A

False

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10
Q

Axial Hyperopia is a refractive error in which the length of the eyeball is too long.

T/F

A

False

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11
Q

Latent Hyperopia is a condition in which a client diagnosed with Presbyopia sees clearly in the distance while looking through their reading Rx.

T/F

A

false

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12
Q

An uncorrected myope over accommodates and leans towards esophoria

T/F

A

false

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13
Q

The crystalline lens has 2 converging minus power surfaces

T/F

A

false

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14
Q

To see clearly, the eye’s optical system must form a point focus on the nerve of the retina.

t/f

A

false

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15
Q

The human seeing system consists of 2 sets of lenses, 2 sensing devices and 1 brain and is used to describe how we see.

t/f

A

true

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16
Q

The ability of the eye to change its shape to focus at near is known as:

A

accomatdation

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17
Q

Your pupil dilates during accommodation

t/f

A

false

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18
Q

One of the functions of the ciliary muscle of the eye is to stimulate accommodation.

t/f

A

true

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19
Q

Match the refractive error:

-2.50 sph

A

Simple Myopia

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20
Q

Match the refractive error:

+1.25 sph

A

Simple Hyperopia

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21
Q

Match the refractive error:

+1.50-1.50x180

A

Simple hyperopic astigmatism

pl+1.50x090

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22
Q

Match the refractive error:

pl-1.50x180

A

Simple Myopic Astigmatism

-1.50+1.50x090

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23
Q

Match the refractive error:

+1.00+050x090

A

Compound Hyperopic Astigmatism

+1.50-0.50x180

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24
Q

Match the refractive error:

-3.00-4.00x090

A

Compound Myopic Astigmatism

-7.00+4.00x180

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25
Q

Match the refractive error:

+1.50-2.50x090

A

Mixed Astigmatism

-1.00+2.50x180

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26
Q

Astigmatism is a refractive condition in which the eyes optical system is incapable of forming a point image for a point object.

t/f

A

true

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27
Q

Exophoria is a tendency for the eyes to turn in

t/f

A

false

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28
Q

An uncorrected myope under accommodates and leans towards exophoria.

t/f

A

true

29
Q

An astigmatic eye could focus light rays both in front of and behind the retina.

t/f

A

true

30
Q

Axial myopia is nearsightedness due to a longer than average global length of the eye.

t/f

A

true

31
Q

Hyperopia can cause exophoria

t/f

A

false

32
Q

The myope can improve VA by accommodating the object to be viewed.

t/f

A

false

33
Q

The condition in which a client diagnosed with presbyopia sees clearing in the distance while looking through their reading rx is known as a latent hyperope.

t/f

A

true

34
Q

Presbyopia can be corrected by refractive surgery.

t/f

A

false

35
Q

An uncorrected hyperope over accommodates and leans towards esophoria.

t/f

A

true

36
Q

The cornea has the greatest dioptric power.

t/f

A

true

37
Q

Corneal Hyperopia is a refractive error in which the cornea of the eye is too steep.

t/f

A

false

38
Q

Of all the refractive errors, myopia is the only one to show definite environmental factors on the incidence, distribution, degree and changes.

t/f

A

true

39
Q 
Steep K at 180 , flat K at 90 is considered
MIX
ATR
WTR
IRR
A

ATR

40
Q

If the vertical light rays focus on the retina, and the horizontal light ray focus in front of the retina, then the error is:
CMA, CHA
SHA, SMA,
N/A

A

Simple Myopic Asitgmatism

41
Q

The avg. 40 yr old has an amplitude of:

  1. 00D
  2. 00D
  3. 50D
  4. 50D
A

4.50D

42
Q

BO ^ have been used to control myopic progression.

t/f

A

false

43
Q

Pseudomyopia is a condition of on-going spasm of accommodation and requires plus lenses to correct.

t/f

A

true

44
Q

Total Hyperopia plus latent hyperopia equals manifest hyperopia

t/f

A

false

45
Q

Asthenopia is a symptom of an uncorrected refractive error

t/f

A

true

46
Q

Fogging or cyclopliglics is commonly used to bring out latent hyperopia to manifest.

t/f

A

true

47
Q

An example of an OBJECTIVE refraction is….

A

retinscopy or auto-refraction

48
Q

Hyperopia that is uncovered during a cycloplegic refraction and is added to the latent hyperopia is known as:

A

total

49
Q

Congenital myopia is normally acquired with excessive work on computers

t/f

A

false

50
Q

Accommodation uncovered during a normal non cycloplegic refraction is known as

manifest or latent?

A

latent

51
Q

Over accommodation can cause divergent strabismus.

t/f

A

false

52
Q 
Approx. 2/3 of the eyes refractive power is due to the cornea. The other refracting capability is due to the:
Retina 
Choroids
Crystalline lens
Rods and cones
A

Crystalline lens.

53
Q 
Steep K @ 90, flat K @ 180
IRR
WTR
ATR
MIX
A

WTR

54
Q

Irregular astigmatism occurs when the meridians are 90 degrees apart an an oblique axis.

t/f

A

false

55
Q

Accommodation uncovered during a normal non cycloplegic refraction is known as

Manifest or latent

A

manifest

56
Q

Pseudmyopia can be corrected using minus lenses

t/f

A

false

57
Q

Light focuses before retina

A

simple myopia

58
Q

Light focuses behind retina

A

simple hyperopia

59
Q

Light focuses on retina and focuses before

A

simple myopic astig

60
Q

Light focuses on retina and focuses behind

A

Simple hyperopic astig

61
Q

Light focuses behind retina on different points

A

CHA

62
Q

Light focuses before retina in different points.

A

CMA

63
Q

Light focuses before and after retina

A

Mixed

64
Q

total hyperopia = manifest + latent

t/f

A

true

65
Q

Latent Hyperopia-

A

not revealed by normal refraction.

66
Q

manifest hyperope

A

revealed by routine refraction (what turns up in phoropter)

67
Q

congenital myopia

A

Present at birth

68
Q

acquired myopia

A

a result of prolonged stress on the eyes during close work.

Final Review (3 decks)

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