Reforms

Question 1

Who oversaw military reforms as Minister of War?

Answer 1

Dmitrii Milyutin

Question 2

Who was Alexander II’s finance minister?

Answer 2

Von Reutern

Question 3

Who was the liberal education minister?

Answer 3

Alexander Golovnin

Question 4

What changes were made to the length of military service?

Answer 4

Reduced from 25 years to 15 years - 9 in reserves and 6 in the army

Question 5

What was introduced to improve literacy and an understanding of tactics within the army?

Answer 5

Military Colleges

Question 6

What modern weaponry was developed?

Answer 6

Iron-clad steamships

Question 7

What were the terms of redemption payments?

Answer 7

49 annual payments at 6% interest

Question 8

What was the mir?

Answer 8

Local peasant communities

Question 9

What % of peasants were still tied to a landowner in 1881?

Answer 9

15%

Question 10

What % of peasants were engaged in subsistence farming?

Answer 10

50%

Question 11

What was the name of the local government councils introduced in 1864?

Answer 11

Zemstva

Question 12

By 1914 how many provinces had a zemstva?

Answer 12

43 out of 70

Question 13

Identify a judicial reform introduced by Alexander II.

Answer 13

• Trial by jury
• Right to defence
• Better pay and training for judges
• Press allowed to comment on trials

Question 14

What year were universities granted independence?

Answer 14

1863

Question 15

Authority for education was taken away from the church and given to?

Answer 15

Zemstva

Question 16

Number of primary schools grew from 8,000 to?

Answer 16

23,000

Question 17

What was the name of Chernyshevsky’s 1864 radical book?

Answer 17

What is to be Done?

Question 18

What percentage of government income came from indirect taxation?

Answer 18

66%

Question 19

What proportional of government spending went on paying debt?

Answer 19

1/3

Question 20

What policy was introduced to try and stimulate the development of the railways?

Answer 20

Government subsidies