Reformation and Modern Church History Flashcards
The Wittenberg Concord (1536) brought Lutherans and Reformed into agreement on what?
The Lord’s Supper
Date: Council of Constance ends Great Western Schism. It burns the Czech reformer, John Hus (ca. 1372-1415) at the stake, despite the fact that he had been granted an imperial safe-conduct. It also condemns John Wycliffe (ca. 1328-1384) posthumously and orders that his bones be exhumed and burned.
1414-1418
Date: that Desiderius Erasmus (1466–1536) publishes a new Greek-Latin Parallel New Testament, paving the way for a new era of biblical study…and for the Protestant Reformation
1516
Date: that Martin Luther (1483–1546) posts the 95 Theses on the door of the Castle Church at Wittenberg, Saxony, protesting the traffic in indulgences, and thereby unwittingly launching the Protestant Reformation.
1517
In what year was the formation of the Schmalkaldic League?
1531
Dates: Ulrich Zwingli (1484–1531) leads the reformation of Zurich, Switzerland.
1519-1524
What years were the Schmalkaldic War?
1546-47
In what year was the Council of Tent convoked?
1545
Dates: A group of Swiss Anabaptists, under the leadership of Michael Sattler (ca. 1495–1527), meets at
Schleitheim and issues a Confession, the first public statement of Anabaptist principles.
1524–25
Who was the Schmalkaldic war between?
Charles V and a league of Catholic principalities vs. the Protestant League.
Dates of Late Middle Ages
1309-1517
Date: John Calvin (1509-1564) publishes the first edition of his Institutes of the Christian Religion. The work went through many editions, some in Latin, some in French, over the years, until the defini- tive Latin edition of 1559.
1536
Dates of “The Babylonian Captivity of the Church,” during which the popes reside in the French city of Avignon, where they are controlled by the King of France.
1309-1377
Date: Thomas Cranmer (1489–1556), Archbishop of Canterbury, publishes the first edition of The Book of Common Prayer, a landmark in the English Reformation. Cranmer published a second edition in 1552, which pushed the English Church in a more Reformed direction. A third edition was pub- lished in 1559 as part of the Elizabethan via media.
1549
Date: The Great Western Schism, during which there are two or rival claimants to the papal throne.
1378-1417
Dates: Teresa of Avila (1515–1582) founds the Convent of St. Joseph in Avila, Spain, thus initiating the reform of the Carmelite Order. Members of Teresa’s reformed branch of the Order are called Dis- calced (“Barefoot”) Carmelites, in contrast to the Calced or unreformed branch.
1562
Dates: France undergoes a series of civil wars between Catholic and Protestant (“Huguenot”) forces, culminating in the Edict of Nantes (1598), which grants religious toleration to the Protestants.
1562–98
Date: Constantinople, the last bastion of the Byzantine Empire, falls to the Ottoman Turks. Western Eu- rope pressured by Turkish (Islamic) expansionism from the southeast.
1453
Dates: The followers of James Arminius (1560–1609), led by Simon Episcopius and Jan Uytenbogaert issue the Remonstrance to their fellow Dutch Reformed Christians, protesting the doctrine of dou- ble predestination.
1610
Date: Gutenberg produces the first book—the Holy Bible—printed on movable type.
1456
Dates: The Thirty Years War between Protestants and Catholics. The War is fought mostly within the borders of the Holy Roman Empire, though forces from Lutheran Sweden and Catholic France were heavily involved. The War ends with the signing of the Peace of Westphalia (1648), which, according to the cuius region, eius religio principle (now extended to Calvinists) restored the reli- gious situation of 1624, except for the “secularization” of some church property.
1618–48
Dates: The English Interregnum, during which the country is governed by the Puritan-controlled Parlia- ment. At the government’s behest, the Westminster Assembly of Divines (1643–49) meets to re- form English church life. The Assembly consists primarily of Presbyterian and Independent cler- gy, though some Episcopalians and Erastians are represented. It produces a Confession, two Cate- chisms, and a Directory of Worship—all landmark statements of Reformed doctrine.
1642–60
Date: of Age of Reformation
1517-1648
Date: The Imperial Diet at Worms, convened by the recently elected Emperor, Charles V, formally con- demns Luther.
1521
Date: A number of Zwingli’s early supporters break with him over the question of infant baptism. These men, known as the Zurich Radicals or Anabaptists (re-baptizers), first practice “believers’ bap- tisms” in January 1525. Persecutions follow immediately in Catholic and Protestant cantons.
1524
Dates: Peasants War in Germany, culminating in the Battle of Frankenhausen on May 15,
1524-1525
Date: The Marburg Colloquy, at which Luther and Zwingli meet at the behest of Prince Phillip of Hesse, to establish a coalition of the two main branches of the Reformation. They discuss fifteen doctrinal articles, and come to an agreement on all but one, the doctrine of the Lord’s Supper.
1529
Date: King Henry VIII of England, having failed to secure papal approval for his divorce from Katherine of Aragon, formally severs the ties between the Church of England and Rome. Despite Henry’s own religious conservatism and Catholic sentiments, this inaugurates the English Reformation.
1534
Dates: The Roman Catholic Council of Trent, convened by Pope Paul III, addresses what it takes to be the many doctrinal threats posed by Protestantism and makes many needed reforms in the moral life and administrative system of the Roman church.
1545–1563
Date: The Peace of Augsburg ends the conflict between the Catholic States of the Empire, led by Charles V, and the Lutheran League of Schmalkalden. The Peace is based on the principle, cuius regio, euis religio (“whoever rules the region determines the religion”), which applied only to Lu- theran and Catholic, but not to Calvinist, princes.
1555
Dates: King James I of England publishes the Authorized Version of the Bible, a landmark in the history of the English translation of the Scriptures and in the development of English Protestantism.
1611
Dates: The Synod of Dordrecht (a.k.a. Dort), an international assembly of Reformed divines, condemns the Arminian Remonstrance and issues canons which set forth the “Five Points” of Calvinism.
1618–19
Westminster Assembly of Divines
(1643–49)
the Peace of Westphalia
(1648)
James Arminius
(1560–1609)
Edict of Nantes
(1598)
Teresa of Avila
(1515–1582)
Thomas Cranmer
(1489–1556)
The Wittenberg Concord
(1536)
John Hus
(ca. 1372-1415)
John Wycliffe
(ca. 1328-1384)
Desiderius Erasmus
(1466–1536)
Martin Luther
(1483–1546)
Ulrich Zwingli
(1484–1531)
Michael Sattler
(ca. 1495–1527)
John Calvin
(1509-1564)
Cranmer published a second edition in _____, which pushed the English Church in a more Reformed direction. A third edition was pub- lished in _____ as part of the Elizabethan via media.
1552,1559
