reformation Flashcards
Ap Euro Reformation Test
By what means did the northern Christian Humanists wish to reform the Catholic Church?
Believe in the ability of human beings to reason and improve themselves.
What is it meant by “inner piety”?
Inward religious feeling that would bring about a reform of the church and society.
attacked the excessive power of the papacy.
Who was John Hus?
Priest, philosopher, master, dean, and rector. Attacked the excessive power of the papacy.
What was/were the effect(s) of the Edict of Worms?
Convened by the recently elected Emperor Charles V ( 1519- 1556). Expected to recant the rectal doctrines he had espoused, Luther refused and made the famous reply that became the Battle Cry of the Reformation. Martin Luther was made an outlaw within the Empire.
Martin Luther made and outlaw.
How did Luther view The Peasants War of 1524- 1525?
As the rebellion escalated to violence, Luther took a harsher stance on the peasants, whom he now condemned as robbers and rebels to be killed on sight, as illuminated by the third passage.
he revolted them/rebellion and killed them.
What was Luther’s view concerning the sacraments of the Catholic Church?
The substance of the bread and the wine consumed in the rite miraculously transformed into the body and blood of Jesus.
bread and wine=body and blood
Who was Zurich Zwingli?
Was a leader of the Reformation in Switzerland. In 1519,Zwingli became the pastor of the Grossmünster in Zürich where he began to preach ideas on reform of the Catholic Church.
swiss forest cantons
switzerland
Understand the causes and course of the English Reformation?
The English Reformation was in tinted by King Henry the 8th who wanted to divorce his first wife, Catherine of Aragon, because she had failed to produce a male heir.
could not produce male heir
king henry VIII
Understand the characteristics of John Calvin’s Reform movement?
Received a remarkably diverse education and humanistic studies and law in the native France. And Flint Luther’s writings which were circulated and read by French intellectuals as early as 1523.
protestant reformer for diverse education in law
In what ways did the reformation change lives of Europeans Protestant communities?
All children should have the opportunity of Education provided by the state. Divided students into 3 classes or divisions based on their age and capabilities public and or private schools were available to the children.
education
What was the result of the importation of silver into Europe from the new world?
Is agriculture, it’s Commerce, and its industry, especially in textiles, silk, and leather goods. Disrupted the Spanish economy, eventually hurting both textile production and agriculture. Never constituted more than 20% of the royal revenue. Government imposing a crushing burden of direct and indirect taxes.
silver had greatest value in spanish monarchy
What major turning point shifted the balance of the power in Europe at the end of the 16th century?
The Nineteenth Century political concept emerged at the Peace of Paris in 1815. It is often known by the term European State System. The 17 provinces. Germanic and culture and dutch-speaking in the North. French and Flemish-speaking southern provinces were closely tied to France. Commercial Crossroads of Northern-West Europe, the Netherlands had become prosperous through the Commerce and flourishing textile industry.
silver mines
What was the religious disposition of Queen Elizabeth?
Religious settlement was basically Protestant, but it was a moderate Protestantism that avoided overly subtle distinctions and extremes.
restore protestant faith “one God, one faith”
The Reformation (Protestant Reformation)
An act by which a person is deserving of salvation of justification by grace through faith.
Christian( Northern Renaissance) humanism
Christian humanism was Classics of the Italian Renaissance within the resources of Christianity.
Desiderius Erasmus
Dutch humanist and theologian who was the leading Renaissance scholar of northern Europe; although his criticisms of the Roman Catholic Church led to the Reformation, he opposed violence and condemned Martin Luther (1466-1536) Synonyms: Erasmus, Geert Geerts, Gerhard Gerhards Example of: humanist.
criticism of the most corrupt practices of society, especially harsh on abuses within ranks of the cergy.
Thomas More
Sir Thomas More (7 February 1478 – 6 July 1535), venerated in the Catholic Church as Saint Thomas More, was an English lawyer, social philosopher, author, statesman, and noted Renaissance humanist. He was also a councillor to Henry VIII, and Lord High Chancellor of England from October 1529 to 16 May 1532.
reflects concerns with economic social and political problem- also world controlled for moral welfare of society
The sacraments
a religious ceremony or act of the Christian Church that is regarded as an outward and visible sign of inward and spiritual divine grace, in particular.
rites considered imperative for a Christians salvation.
Martin Luther
In 1517 Martin Luther, protesting against the unprincipled and flippant practices that were disgracing religion, began the breach between Catholicism, with its insistence on the supremacy of the Church, and Protestantism, asserting the independence of the individual judgment.
started protestant reformation also wrote 95 theses, focus on assurance of salvation.
Ninety-Five Theses
Ninety-five Theses, propositions for debate concerned with the question of indulgences, written (in Latin) and possibly posted by Martin Luther on the door of the Schlosskirche (Castle Church), Wittenberg, on October 31, 1517. This event came to be considered the beginning of the Protestant Reformation.
indictment of the abuses in the sale of indulgences, spread across Germany.
The Edict of Worms
The Diet of Worms 1521 was an imperial diet of the Holy Roman Empire called on by King Charles V. It was held at the Heylshof Garden in Worms, then an Imperial Free City of the Empire. An imperial diet was a formal deliberative assembly of the whole Empire. The Edict of worms in which Martin Luther was made an outlaw.
Empire rules.
Charles V
Had dynasties controlled over the Empire and also see preserve the unity of Catholic faith. He fought the schmalkaldic wars.
Henry VIII
son of Henry VII and King of England from 1509 to 1547; his divorce from Catherine of Aragon resulted in his break with the Catholic Church in 1534 and his excommunication 1538, leading to the start of the Reformation in England (1491-1547) Example of: King of England, King of Great Britain.
the reformation in england was initiated by henry VIII
John Calvin
Organizer of the Protestant movement, believed in predestination, establish theocracy.
