Reformation

Question 1

what did the lollards want?

Answer 1

no transubstantiation
no church heirarchy
wanted ordinary people to be able to read the bible

Question 2

What did the follwers of Marting Luther want?

Answer 2

no pilgrimages
no selling of relics
no purgatory
wanted the bible translated into all languages

Question 3

What did the humanists want?

Answer 3

wanted to find the scientific basis behind scripture, based on studying and not ceremony

Question 4

What is tithe?

Answer 4

people had to pay the church 10% of their income to avoid purgatory

Question 5

What are chantries?

Answer 5

monasteries for praying for souls in purgatory, money would be left in peoples wills for chantries to pray for them once they died

Question 6

How much land did the church own?

Answer 6

The church owned 25% of england and taxed their lands privatley, this meant that they brought in 400,000 vs the crown 40000

Question 7

What kind of celebrations did the catholic church have?

Answer 7

they had large feasts, processions and plays that were exciting for the poor
They celebrated local saints so that people felt connected to their local heritage
they also celebrated events such as shrove tuesday and easter

Question 8

How did the church control people?

Answer 8

they taught that god controlled everything so to doubt god was to doubt your own existence, teachings of hell forced people into religion
critics were exiled or executed

Question 9

Why did the church give people certainty?

Answer 9

in a time with lots of disease and war the hope of a pleasant afterlife was sought after

Question 10

How did the church have its own culture

Answer 10

the church had its own iconic status
town halls
it was the centre of communites
provided hospitals and charity to the poor

Question 11

Who did Henry 8 marry first and how?

Answer 11

he married catherine of aragon under dispensation as she was his brothers widow so he needed special permission

Question 12

Why did Henry want his marriage with aragon anulled?

Answer 12

she did not produce a male heir

Question 13

What was Henry’s argument for having his marriage with CA anulled?

Answer 13

when the pope refused to anull his marriage he argued that being his brother’s widow caused her infertility
the pope refused because he needed Aragon’s nephew’s loyalty to help defend against spain

Question 14

When did Cromwell become the new chancellor?

Answer 14

1533

Question 15

What was praemunire?

Answer 15

Bishops went to court for treason after choosing the pope over Henry
They were forced to swear allegiance to Hnery and view him as the head of the church and not the pope

Question 16

When did Henry 8 end annates

Answer 16

Annates were payments to the pope
He ended them in 1532

Question 17

Who was Thomas Cramner?

Answer 17

• He was made archbishop in 1532 by Henry as he had protestant sympathies

Question 18

When did Anne Boyeln become pregnant?

Answer 18

1533

Question 19

What did Cranmer announce in 1533?

Answer 19

The annulment with CA
The marriage with AB

Question 20

What did the pope threaten Henry with?

Answer 20

excommunication as he was annuled without papal authorisation

Question 21

What was the act of supremacy

Answer 21

passed in 1534 it made hnery the church of England and was the start of the complete break with Rome

Question 22

When was valour Ecclesiastus passed?

Answer 22

1535 - the monasteries had to pay taxes to the king and not the pope to fund wars and the kings lavish lifestyle

Question 23

When did visitations happen?

Answer 23

1536 - evaluated properties and the behaviour of monks

Question 24

When was the dissolution of the lesser monasteries?

Answer 24

1536 - any monastery that earned less than £200 annually and didn’t maintain a godly lifestyle was shut
55 monasteries were closed

Question 25

What was the ten articles

Answer 25

1536 - agreed to new beliefs of the English church, a comprimise between radical and conservative bishops
they banned purgatory, transubstantiation and holy days
maintained chantries and saints

Question 26

What was the response to the closing of the monasteries

Answer 26

mass anger
the monasteries educated and assissted the ppor and closing them caused a lot of unemployment of servants, craftsmen and farmers

Question 27

What were the two main rebellions to the DOLM

Answer 27

• lilconshire rising
• Pilgrmage of grace

Question 28

What was the Licolnshire rising?

Answer 28

40,000 men in northern england rebelled and created their own version of the ten articles
backed down when faced with treason

Question 29

What was the pilgrimage of Grace

Answer 29

led by Robert Aske and 30,000 rebels, they restored 16/55 monasteries
H8 promised to listen to their demands (pontefract articles) if they disbanded but he then killed them all

Question 30

When did all the Friaries shut?

Answer 30

1538

Question 31

What was the second dissolution act?

Answer 31

1539
all monasteries were gone
wilingly gone = 8,000
monasteries burned + nobiilities proffitited

Question 32

What was the act of 6 articles?

Answer 32

1539 - transubstantiation is back

Question 33

Which two major protestant influences had died by 1540?

Answer 33

• Cromwell executed
• Boleyn executed

Question 34

What was the king’s book?

Answer 34

banned women from reading the bible and rejects reform

Question 35

When did Henry 8 die?

Answer 35

1547 - king now Edwar VI but he was governed by protestant duke of Somerset

Question 36

What were royal injunctions?

Answer 36

1547 - banned catholic rocessions and processes

Question 37

What was the chantry act?

Answer 37

closed 2734 chantries to oppose catholic ideas of purgatory

Question 38

What were the royal proclomations?

Answer 38

1548 - ended ash wednesday and removed the act of six articles allowed priests to marry

Question 39

What was the book of common prayer?

Answer 39

1549 - a protestant and conservative bible
causes mass rebellions, priests must now have a lisence to teach

Question 40

Why was the D o somerset killed?

Answer 40

-1552 - caused unrest and was replaced by the duke of northumberland

Question 41

When were catholic service book abolished?

Answer 41

1550

Question 42

What was the second act of uniformity

Answer 42

1552 - legally obligated everyone to attend protestant sermons on sundays

Question 43

What was the book of Homilies?

Answer 43

1552 - a radically protestant prayer book
absenteeism people disagreed with the new prayer book and so refused to go to church or went to churches outside their own parish where old prayer books were used
- money in wills for chantries went from 70% to 32%
-only 17% of london was protestant and the rest remained catholic