Reference Texts Flashcards
According to the ‘Solar Electricity Safety Handbook for Firefighters’, Solar (PV) Modules (Panels) can include:
A) Modules integrated into shingles
B) A stand alone system
C) Flat roof with ballasted or attached installation
D) All of the above
D) All of the above
According to the ‘Solar Electricity Safety Handbook for Firefighters’, which of the
following is incorrect with regards to an AC Disconnect?
A) The AC disconnect switch may contain breakers or fuses
B) The alternating current (AC) disconnect is a switch that is used to shut off
powewr from the building to the combiner box
C) Even with the AC disconnect shut off, the solar panels, wires and cables with the
conduit may be energized
D) All are correct
B) The alternating current (AC) disconnect is a switch that is used to shut off
powewr from the building to the combiner box
According to the ‘Solar Electricity Safety Handbook for Firefighters’, an _____________
is a device that is used to convert the direct current (DC) being generated by the solar panels into alternating current (AC)
A) AC Connect
B) Combiner Box
C) Generation Meter
D) Inverter
D) Inverter
According to the ‘Solar Electricity Safety Handbook for Firefighters’, which of the
following is correct regarding battery banks?
A) Battery backup systems are not permitted for directly connected facilities
B) Battery banks are present and located in systems that are NOT tied back into the grid
C) Multiple battery banks can be found in closets, basements, crawl spaces, sheds and other unsuspected or unmarked locations
D) All of the above
D) All of the above
According to the ‘Solar Electricity Safety Handbook for Firefighters’, which of the
following is true regarding Photovoltaic Systems?
A) Solar panels cannot be shut off
B) There is always an electrical shock hazard
C) Damage to panels from firefighting tools may result in both electrical and fire hazards
D) All of the above
D) All of the above
According to the ‘Solar Electricity Safety Handbook for Firefighters’, which of the
following is incorrect regarding Photovoltaic Systems?
A) Smoke from burning panels may release extremely hot, toxic fumes when involved in fire
B) A single solar panel does not produce enough electricity to kill a person
C) Metallic conduits may become live if cables and/or conduit damage has occurred
D) Solar thermal systems generate very hot fluids. Damage to a solar thermal panel system may expose personnel to a risk of scalding burns
B) A single solar panel does not produce enough electricity to kill a person
According to the ‘Solar Electricity Safety Handbook for Firefighters’, UL experiments found that with a 10 degree fog patter, the nozzle could be used as close as ___ feet (__ meters) on systems energized up to 1000 volts DC.
A) 2 feet (0.6 meters)
B) 3 feet (1.0 meters)
C) 5 feet (1.5 meters
D) 7 feet (2.1 meters)
C) 5 feet (1.5 meters)
According to the ‘Solar Electricity Safety Handbook for Firefighters’, which of the
following is not a Tactical Consideration for a Photovoltaic System incident?
A) A 360 degree survey of the scene is key to the decision-making process for the incident
B) An incident in the night is not as dangerous as the light from the moon cannot produce dangerous levels of electricity
C) Call the local utility company to disconnect the electrical service
D) Ventilation is to be directed by the Incident Commander, who may consider the opposite side of the roof, horizontal or positive pressure ventilation
B) An incident in the night is not as dangerous as the light from the moon cannot
produce dangerous levels of electricity
According to IFSTA’s Structural Firefighting: Initial Response Strategy and Tactics; the compartment surrounding the burning fuel plays an important role in fire development,
impacting available ventilation, access to additional fuel, and heat losses and gains. Compartment fire development depends upon whether the fire is fuel-limited or ventilation-limited. What definition is correct regarding fuel-limited fires.
A) Rapid transition from the growth stage to the fully developed Stage
B) When sufficient oxygen is available for flaming combustion. The fuel’s
characteristics, such as heat release rate (HRR) and configuration, control the
fire’s development
C) Fires that have access to all of the fuel needed to maintain combustion, yet the fire does not have access to enough oxygen to continue to burn and spread
D) Results of inefficient combustion of fuel; the less efficient the combustion, the more products of combustion are produced rather than burned during the combustion process
B) When sufficient oxygen is available for flaming combustion. The fuel’s
characteristics, such as heat release rate (HRR) and configuration, control the
fire’s development
According to IFSTA’s Structural Firefighting: Initial Response Strategy and Tactics; the compartment surrounding the burning fuel plays an important role in fire development,
impacting available ventilation, access to additional fuel, and heat losses and gains. Compartment fire development depends upon whether the fire is fuel-limited or ventilation-limited. What definition is correct regarding ventilation-limited fires.
A) Results of inefficient combustion of fuel; the less efficient the combustion, the more products of combustion are produced rather than burned during the combustion process
B) Rapid transition from the growth stage to the fully developed Stage
C) Fires that have access to all of the fuel needed to maintain combustion, yet the fire does not have access to enough oxygen to continue to burn and spread
D) When sufficient oxygen is available for flaming combustion. The fuel’s
characteristics, such as heat release rate (HRR) and configuration, control the
fire’s development
C) Fires that have access to all of the fuel needed to maintain combustion, yet the fire does not have access to enough oxygen to continue to burn and spread
According to IFSTA’s Structural Firefighting: Initial Response Strategy and Tactics; fires develop through four stages, they are:
A) Flash Point, Growth, Rollover, and Decay
B) Incipient, Growth, Fully Developed, and Decay
C) Incipient, Growth, Rollover, and Decay
D) Ignition Source, Open Burning, Fully Developed, and Decay
B) Incipient, Growth, Fully Developed, and Decay
According to IFSTA’s Structural Fire Fighting: High-Rise Fire Fighting, products of combustion travel upward toward the top of a building. If fire does not generate enough heat to cause the smoke to rise to the top of the building, the temperature of the smoke
will eventually equal that of the surrounding air. When this equalization of temperature occurs, the smoke loses its buoyancy, ceases to rise, and forms layers of smoke within the building. This is known as:
A) Stack effect
B) Stratification
C) Heat intensity and compartmentation
D) Ceiling jets, or mushrooming
B) Stratification
According to IFSTA’s Structural Fire Fighting: High-Rise Fire Fighting, the natural vertical movement of heat and smoke (convection) in tall structures is known as
_______________. This occurs because of differences in the density of the air inside and outside of these buildings (due to temperature differences inside and outside the
structure). The greater the difference between the inside and outside temperature and the greater the building height, the greater the effect will be.
A) Stack effect
B) Stratification
C) Heat intensity and compartmentation
D) Ceiling jets, or mushrooming
A) Stack effect
According to IFSTA’s Structural Fire Fighting: High-Rise Fire Fighting, when heat, smoke, and other products of combustion rise until they encounter a horizontal obstruction, they will spread laterally until they encounter a vertical obstruction, then bank downward. This is known as __________________.
A) Stack effect
B) Stratification
C) Heat intensity and compartmentation
D) Ceiling jets, or mushrooming
D) Ceiling jets, or mushrooming
According to IFSTA’s Structural Fire Fighting: High-Rise Fire Fighting, the construction of high-rise apartment buildings helps protect adjoining apartments and common halls, but provides an extremely hot environment for firefighters. Fires in tightly sealed high-rise compartments may become ventilation controlled and flash over when a window fails or when firefighters open a door to make entry to a fire room. This is known as
______________.
A) Stack effect
B) Stratification
C) Heat intensity and compartmentation
D) Ceiling jets, or mushrooming
C) Heat intensity and compartmentation
According to IFSTA’s Structural Fire Fighting: High-Rise Fire Fighting, firefighters must remember that steel structural members elongate when heated. A 50-foot (15 m) beam may elongate by as much as ___ inches (____ mm) when heated to a room
temperature of about 1,000°F (538° C).
A) 2 inches, 50 mm
B) 4 inches, 100 mm
C) 6 inches, 150 mm
D) 10 inches, 255 mm
B) 4 inches, 100 mm
According to IFSTA’s Structural Fire Fighting: High-Rise Fire Fighting, which of the following about wind driven fires is incorrect?
A) Wind velocity may be negligible at ground level but reach significant force at upper levels, so firefighters cannot base tactical decisions on fire conditions that may occur many stories below the emergency floor
B) This effect is triggered when a door is left ajar and a window suddenly breaks
under intense heat and a blast of wind
C) The instant combination of fire and wind can blast fireballs across rooms and down corridors without warning, In these situations, tremendous volumes of fire and high heat conditions can quickly consume compartmented occupancies and advance into public hallways
D) If windows in the fire area are intact, firefighters on attack lines do not need to maintain coordination with those tasked with ventilation from the floor above the fire or adjacent compartmented areas
D) If windows in the fire area are intact, firefighters on attack lines do not need to maintain coordination with those tasked with ventilation from the floor above the fire or adjacent compartmented areas
According to IFSTA’s Structural Fire Fighting: High-Rise Fire Fighting, in a report published in 2009 by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), a number of full-scale experiments were conducted in a seven- story building in New York City. Which of the following statements is incorrect?
A) In other tests, water was applied externally from either below or outside the fire room window. In all cases, application of water suppressed enough fire in the room to reduce corridor and stairwell temperatures by at least 50 percent
B) Controlling doors is not effective way to interrupt the flow path in a building
C) Wind conditions need to be considered in size-up; wind speeds of 10 to 20 mph are high enough to create wind-driven effects in buildings with an uncontrolled flow path
D) Positive-pressure ventilation fans always improved stairwell conditions, but were not able to reverse the direction of wind-driven fires. Positive-pressure ventilation was successful when used in conjunction with controlling doors, window control
devices, and nozzles operated from the floor below the fire
B) Controlling doors is not effective way to interrupt the flow path in a building
According to IFSTA’s Structural Fire Fighting: High-Rise Fire Fighting, standpipe systems are divided into three classes based on NFPA 14, Standard for the Installation of Standpipes and Hose Systems. Which of the three classes are designed only for fire department personnel or other trained personnel?
A) Class I
B) Class II
C) Class III
D) All of the above
A) Class I
According to IFSTA’s Structural Fire Fighting: High-Rise Fire Fighting, there are many problems to contend with during the evacuation of a high-rise building. Which of the following cause significant problems with evacuation?
A) Locking exit doors
B) Counterflow
C) Stairway exit capacity
D) All of the above
D) All of the above
According to IFSTA’s Structural Fire Fighting: High-Rise Fire Fighting, in other special high-rise occupancies, a person’s ability to evacuate may be hindered by age or medical condition. In hospital and nursing facilities, ___________________ procedures are generally used for patients who are nonambulatory.
A) Limited/Partial evacuation
B) Shelter in place
C) Full evacuation
D) None of the above
B) Shelter in place
According to IFSTA’s Structural Fire Fighting: High-Rise Fire Fighting, the primary responsibility of the first-arriving company is to locate and identify the emergency and determine its scope. The first arriving fire unit must address the following except:
A) Make a rapid initial size-up of readily visible conditions
B) Utilize the Voice Communication System to update residents
C) Confirm verbal occupant reports and information from the Fire Alarm Control Panel (FACP)
D) Assume command and request any immediately needed resources
B) Utilize the Voice Communication System to update residents
According to IFSTA’s Structural Fire Fighting: High-Rise Fire Fighting, firefighters have been injured or even killed as a result of misuse of elevators during a fire. Which of the following is not a safety consideration for using elevators at a high-rise call?
A) Only consider using elevators if the fire is above the 3rd floor
B) Do not use an elevator to travel to the fire floor. Stay at least two floors below the fire floor or according to department policy
C) Never use an elevator that has been exposed to water. Do not squeegee water into the elevator shaft
D) Do not overload cars; allow no more than six firefighters per car
A) Only consider using elevators if the fire is above the 3rd floor
According to IFSTA’s Structural Fire Fighting: High-Rise Fire Fighting, which of the following about wind-driven fires in high-rises is correct?
A) The overwhelming majority of civilian fatalities in high-rise residential
occupancies occur when fire spreads beyond the room of origin
B) Wind-driven fire conditions are unique to the top floors of high-rise buildings
C) Where the door to the fire room is open and a stairwell door is also open, a flow path may be created that pulls intense heat and fire into the corridor
D) Wind-driven fires can hasten fire spread, quickly changing a room and contents fire into a ‘blowtorch’ of fire extending from the room of origin into a common corridor or stairwell with an open door
B) Wind-driven fire conditions are unique to the top floors of high-rise buildings
According to IFSTA’s Structural Fire Fighting: High-Rise Fire Fighting, which of the following is correct about breaking glass at a high-rise fire?
A) Breaking glass in high rise buildings can be a danger to firefighters inside the structure as well as firefighters and bystanders at ground level
B) Glass falling from a high-rise may land approximately 200 feet (66m) from the
base of the building
C) After the window is broken, the area in front of the window (not the opening itself) should be blocked with a desk or chair to prevent firefighters from approaching the dangerous opening
D) All of the above
D) All of the above
According to IFSTA’s Structural Fire Fighting: High-Rise Fire Fighting, the situational report given periodically as needed throughout the incident to update Incident Command is known as a __________ report.
A) C.A.N. – Conditions, Actions, and Needs
B) Status update
C) Priority radio traffic
D) P.A.N. – Position, Activities, and Needs
A) C.A.N. – Conditions, Actions, and Needs
According to IFSTA’s Structural Fire Fighting: High-Rise Fire Fighting, use of plain English in radio communications transmissions. No 10-codes or agency specific codes are used when using this language:
A) Formal communication
B) Clear text
C) Informal communication
D) Downward communication
B) Clear text
According to Jones & Bartlett’s Fire Department Incident Safety Officer, smoke leaving the structure has four key attributes, they are:
A) Amount, Rate, Direction, and Colour
B) Volume, Velocity, Density and Colour
C) Volume, Velocity, Direction, and Colour
D) Amount, Rate, Direction, and Intensity
B) Volume, Velocity, Density and Colour
