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Chemistry 30-1 > Redox Basic Knowledge > Flashcards

Redox Basic Knowledge Flashcards

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1
Q

What is an anion?

A

Negative Ion

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2
Q

What is a cation?

A

Positive Ion

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3
Q

What is an external circuit?

A

The path (wire) that travels anode to cathode that electrons travel through.

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4
Q

What is an inert electrode?

A

Solid that conducts electrons but isn’t involved in the reaction.

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5
Q

What are the 2 most common substances used for inert electrodes?

A
  1. Pt(s)

2. C(s)

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6
Q

What is an electrolyte?

A

A substance that conducts electricity in aqueous solution because it contains ions.

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7
Q

Why does hydrogen not have to be the standard reference cell?

A
  • Reference cell is an arbitrary designation.

- Difference between any 2 voltages is the same

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8
Q

1amp is = to what?

A

1C/s

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9
Q

On a table of reduction half reactions halogen elements are always…

A

OAs

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10
Q

What 3 pieces of knowledge do you need to solve most Faraday Law questions?

A
  1. Faraday Constant
  2. 1A=1C/s
  3. A half reaction
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11
Q

What is the main principle for Cathodic protection?

A

Use a stronger SRA then the substance your protecting.

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12
Q

Draw the SOA/SRA diagram for the rust reaction that occurs on the Redox chart.

A

SOA O2 + 2H2O(l)
↘️
Fe(s) SRA

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13
Q

Show the rust reaction being bypassed using the principle of Cathodic protection.

A

SOA O2 + 2H2O(l)
⬇️ ↘️
↘️ Fe(s) Not SRA
↘️
➡️ Mg(s) SRA

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14
Q

On a table of reduction half reactions metal ions are usually…

A

OAs

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15
Q

What metals would make good sacrificial anodes for the rust reaction?

A

Anything lower than Fe(s) that is inexpensive to produce. (Stronger SRA)

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16
Q

What is the chlorine anomaly?

A

Anomaly that occurs during electrolysis of sea water (brine).
SRA should be water but is actually Cl-(aq)

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23
Q

What is the oxidation number of chlorine?

A

0

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23
Q

What is the oxidation number of simple ions such as Fe2+?

A

+2

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24
Q

What is the oxidation number of hydrogen in most compounds?

Ex: H2O

A

+1

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24
Q

What is the oxidation number of hydrogen when attached to a metal (hydride)?
Ex:LiH(s)

A

-1

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25
Q

What is the oxidation number of oxygen in most compounds?

Ex: H2O

A

-2

25
Q

What is the oxidation number of oxygen in peroxides?

Ex. H2O2

A

-1

25
Q

What is the oxidation number of group 1A elements?

Ex. NaCl

A

+1

25
Q

What is the oxidation number of group 2A elements?

Ex. MgCl2

A

+2

25
Q

What is the oxidation number of fluorine in a compound?

Ex. NaF

A

-1

25
Q

All other oxidation numbers are assigned such that…

A

The sum of the oxidation numbers = the charge.

25
Q

Oxidation numbers are assigned on a…

A

Per atom basis.

25
Q

What is oxidation?

A

Loss of electrons.

25
Q

What is reduction?

A

Gain of electrons.

26
Q

If the oxidation number goes up what has occurred?

A

Oxidation.

26
Q

If the oxidation number goes down what has occured?

A

Reduction.

26
Q

In an oxidation half reaction electrons are on what side?

A

Product.

26
Q

In an reduction half reaction electrons are on what side?

A

Reactant.

26
Q

An oxidizing agent losses or gains electrons?

A

Gains.

26
Q

An reducing agent losses or gains electrons?

A

Losses.

26
Q

If a reaction contains atoms and the oxidation numbers change then the reaction is considered redox or not redox?

A

Redox.

26
Q

What is disproportionate?

A

When a substance is both OA and RA.

27
Q

On a table of reduction half reactions on which side are the electrons placed?

A

Reactants

28
Q

On a table of reduction half reactions where is the SOA and SRA located?

A

Top left and Bottom right (respectively).

29
Q

On a table of reduction half reactions how do you determine if a reaction is spontaneous or non-spontaneous?

A

OA above RA=Spontaneous

RA above OA=Non-Spontaneous

31
Q

On a table of reduction half reactions metal elements are always…

A

RAs

33
Q

On a table of reduction half reactions halogen ions are always…

A

RAs

35
Q

On a table of reduction half reactions the SOA is written…

A

As is

37
Q

On a table of reduction half reactions the SRA is written…

A

Reversed

39
Q

When doing stoich the molar ratio is always…

A

R/G

41
Q

What are the 11 steps of titration?

A
  1. Fill burette to 0 mark
  2. Record initial Volume of titrant
  3. Pipet 10mL of sample into E. Flask
  4. Slowly add titrant to sample until 1 drop causes color change
  5. Record final volume of titrant
43
Q

In titration the substance being titrated is in the…

A

Flask

45
Q

What are the 5 constants in electrochemical cells, both voltaic and electrolytic?

A
  1. GERC
  2. LEOA
  3. Anions migrate to Anode
  4. Cations migrate to Cathode
  5. E- flow from anode to cathode
47
Q

What are 3 charecteristics of voltaic cells?

A
  1. Chemical ➡️ Electrical
  2. Spontaneous
  3. Positive Voltage (E net is +)
49
Q

What are the 3 charecteristics of electrolytic cells?

A
  1. Electrical ➡️ Chemical
  2. Non-Spontanious
  3. Negative Voltage (E net is -)

Chemistry 30-1 (1 decks)

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