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HDSO Chemistry REDOX A > Redox > Flashcards

Redox Flashcards

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1
Q

What can the process of oxidation and reduction be expressed in terms of

A

Electron transfer

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2
Q

Oxidation

A

Loss of electrons

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3
Q

Reduction

A

Gain of electrons

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4
Q

Where do oxidation and reduction occur

A

Together in a redox reaction

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5
Q

Half equations

A

Seperate equations showing oxidation and reduction processes

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6
Q

What must a half equation be balanced in terms of

A

Atoms and charge

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7
Q

Oxidation state

A

Number of electrons involved when an atom forms a bond

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8
Q

What does oxidation state refer to

A

One atom of the element in a compound or ion

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9
Q

What does the oxidation state have

A

A number and a sign

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10
Q

What does an uncombined element have

A

An oxidation state of zero

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11
Q

What is the oxidation state of group one elements in compounds

A

+1

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12
Q

What is the oxidation state of group 2 elements in compounds

A

+2

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13
Q

What is the oxidation state of group 3 elements in compounds

A

+3

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14
Q

What is the oxidation state of hydrogen in compounds

A

+1

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15
Q

What is the oxidation state of fluorine in compounds

A

-1

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16
Q

What is the oxidation state of oxygen in compounds

A

-2

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17
Q

What is the oxidation state of chlorine in compounds

A

-1

18
Q

What is the exception to the oxidation state rule of hydrogen in compounds

A

Hydride ions have an oxidation state of 1-

19
Q

What are the exceptions to the rule of oxidation state in oxygen in compounds

A

With fluorine/peroxide ions

20
Q

What are the exceptions to the oxidation state rule in chlorine in compounds

A

With oxygen

21
Q

What is the rule for oxidation state in compounds

A

The oxidation state of each atom in the compounds formula counts separately and the numerical sum is zero

22
Q

What is the oxidation state rule for an element existing as an ion

A

The oxidation state is the charge on the ion

23
Q

What is the oxidation state rule for compound ions

A

The sum of the oxidation states of the atoms is the charge on the ion

24
Q

What are Roman numerals in chemical names used to indicate

A

The oxidation state of the appropriate element

E.g. Iron (II) oxide- metals oxidation state +2

25
Q

What can we work out by assigning oxidation states

A

Which species have been oxidised and which reduced without writing half equations

26
Q

Oxidation (OS)

A

Increase in oxidation state

27
Q

Reduction (OS)

A

Decrease in oxidation state

28
Q

What must occur in a redox reaction in order to cause the loss of electrons from one species

A

Another species must accept the electrons

29
Q

What is the species that accepts electrons and causes oxidation called

A

An oxidising agent

30
Q

In order for a species to gain electrons in a redox reaction what must occur

A

Another species must donate electrons

31
Q

What is the species that donates electrons and causes reduction called

A

Reducing agent

32
Q

Oxidising agent

A

Species that accepts electrons

33
Q

Reducing agent

A

Is a species that donates electrons

34
Q

What must you make sure balance when writing half equations

A

Atoms and charges

35
Q

What is the first step in constructing complex half equations

A

Write down the formulae for the reactants and products and balance the atoms undergoing redox

36
Q

How to balance oxygen atoms in half equations

A

Add water to side with least oxygen

37
Q

How to balance hydrogen atoms in half equations

A

Add h+ ions to side with least hydrogen

38
Q

How to balance the charges in half equations

A

Add electrons to most positive side

39
Q

What must each equations show when combining half equations

A

One side must show reduction and the other must show oxidation

40
Q

What must the number of electrons being transferred be when combining half equations

A

The same- you may have to multiply one or both of the half equations

41
Q

Which species must be cancelled when combining half equations

A

Any species that appears on both sides

HDSO Chemistry REDOX A (5 decks)

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