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Redeagle1208 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is anarobic respiration and where does it take place?

A

Anarobic respiration is respiration without air and it takes place in the cytoplasm.

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2
Q

What is the equation for anarobic respiration?

A

glucose → lactic acid+ energy

C6H12O6 → 2C3H6O3

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3
Q

What is aerobic respiration and where does it take place?

A

Aerobic respiration is respiration with air and it takes place in the mitochondrea.

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4
Q

What is the equation for aerobic respiration?

A

glucose+oxygen → water+ Carbon dioxide+ energy

C6H12O6+O2→ H2O+CO2

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5
Q

Name 3 substances in cigarettes which are addictive and carcinogens.

A

Nicotine, Tar, Carbon Monoxide

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6
Q

What is the order of witch the air travels inn the respiratory system?

A

Nasal cavities , Larynx/pharynx , Trachea , Bronchi , Bronchioles , Alveoli(gas exchange)

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7
Q

What is respiration?

A

Respiration is the chemical reaction which supplies the body with energy.

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8
Q

What are the adaptations of alveoli to increase gas exchange?

A
  1. 1-cell thick walls
  2. Soft/moist lining
  3. large surface area
  4. good blood supply
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9
Q

What happens to the intercostal muscles, volume of the rib cage, chest pressure, air and the diaphragm when inhaling

A

contract and move up and out, increases, decreases, enters, contracts and becomes straight.

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10
Q

What happens to the intercostal muscles, volume of the rib cage, chest pressure, air and the diaphragm when exhaling

A

relaxes and move down and in, decreases, increases, exits, relaxes and moves upwards.

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11
Q

what 4 things happen when someone has smokers cough?

A
  1. Mucus builds upon the celia on the trachea
  2. Makes it hard t breath and leads to wheezing
  3. Lungs get inflamed
  4. Tar builds up at the bottom of lungs
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12
Q

Name the 3 enzymes and their functions.

A
  1. lipaste- breaks fats into fatty acids and glycerol
  2. amylase- breaks starch into glucose
  3. Protese- breaks protein into amino acids
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13
Q

Where can all of the enzymes be found and made?

A

Small intestine and pancreas

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14
Q

What is the order of which food moves through the digestive system?

A

Mouth , oesophagus , stomach , S intestine , L intestine , rectum , anus

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15
Q

what are the functions of all of the organs in the digestive system?

A

mouth- chews food and breaks food down with saliva
oesophagus- pushes food into stomach by parestalsis
stomach- churns food and bracks food down with stomach acids
S intestine- absorbs nutrients
L intestine- absorbs liquids
rectum- stores feces
anus- where the feces is excreted

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16
Q

Name the 7 food groups.

A

protein , vitamins , fat , carbs , fiber , minerals , water

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17
Q

What are the in all of the 7 food groups needed for?

A

protein- growth and repair
fat- energy store, insulation , protection of internal organs
minerals- helps make important products in the body
Water- regulates body temp. , creates a environment for chemical reactions to occur.
Carbs- long term energy(starch) short term energy(glucose)
Fiber- keeps food moving through the digestive system
vitamins- helps with bodily functions

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18
Q

give 1 example for foods in each of the 7 food groups

A 
protein- fish
fat- oil/butter
fiber- dried fruits
minerals- milk 
vitamins- fruit & veg
water- water :)
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19
Q

that is the unit for energy?

A

j(joules)/ kj(kilojoules)

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20
Q

why does our body need energy?

A

to move and to normal bodily functions and allows organs to work

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21
Q

what is scurvy?

A

vit c deficiency

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22
Q

what is rickets

A

vit d deficiency

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23
Q

how do you test for sugar, starch,protein, fat?

A

benedicts solution(orange), iodine solution(black), biurot solution(purple), ethenol(milky white),

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24
Q

what are foods with good bacteria called?

A

pro-biotics

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25
what is a diet?
what you eat
26
what is the function of the liver?
detoxifies the blood and produces bile which absorbs fat
27
where is bile stored?
the gall bladder.
28
what is the function of the pancreas?
produces insulin to control blood sugar lvls. and creates enzymes
29
how does a drug affect the body?
if affects chemical reactions and the nervous system
30
how does ethanol affect the body?
it slows the nervous system down
31
what is an atom?
the smallest particle that everything is made from.
32
what is an element?
a substance made from only 1 type of atom
33
what is a mixture?
a substance substance made by combining two or more different elements in such a way that no chemical reaction occurs.
34
what is a compound?
a substance made from chemically joining 2 or more different atoms together.
35
what is a molecule?
a substance made form 2 or more of the same type of atom chemically joined together
36
what is the reactive scale from most reactive to least reactive
potassium , sodium , lithium , calcium , magnesium , aluminum , (carbon) , zinc , iron , tin , lead , (hydrogen) , copper , silver , gold , platinum.
37
what happens when you react metal with an acid?
metal+ acid --> salt + hydrogen gas
38
what is reliability?
repeating the experiment.
39
what is a hypothesis?
a prediction
40
what is an independent variable?
the only thing you change in an experiment.
41
what is the Dependant variable?
what you measure in an experiment
42
what is the control variable?
what you keep the same in an experiment.
43
what is complete combustion?
when oxygen is sufficient
44
what is incomplete combustion?
when oxygen in insufficient
45
what is the equation for incomplete combustion?
fuel+ oxygen(little) -> carbon monoxide + carbon + water(soot)
46
what is the equation for complete combustion?
fuel + oxygen(lots) -> carbon dioxide + water
47
what are the components of the fire triangle?
heat , fuel , oxygen
48
what is concentration?
how weak or strong an acid or alkali is
49
what is corrosive?
a substance that burns skin or material
50
what is the atomic number?
the number of protons in an atom which is the same as the number of electrons
51
what is atomic mass?
total amount of protons and neutrons
52
what is neutralisation?
when you deduce the concentration of an acid or alkali by adding the opposite.
53
what is current?
in the rate of flow of charges around a circuit (amps/ A)
54
what is voltage?
in the amount of energy supplied in each coulomb of charge(vlot/ V)
55
what is resistance?
anything that slows down the current( ohm/Ω)
56
what is a series circuit?
a circuit with only one way for the current to flow
57
what is a parallel circuit?
a circuit with more that 1 way for the current to flow.
58
what is the equation for ohms law(resistance)
resistance= volt/amp
59
what is power?
is the amount of energy transfered in a given time
60
what is the equation of power?
power=ampXvolt
61
what is a magnet?
objects than can attract and repel objects if they are in the magnetic field range.
62
what is an electro magnet?
a temporary magnet which only works when an electric current passes through it.
63
how can you increase the strength of and electro | magnet
increase the amount of coils | increase the current
64
name 3 magnetic metals
iron nickel cobalt
65
what is the equation for photosynthesis?
H2O+ CO2--> O2+C6H12O6(light and chlorophyll)
66
what are particles like in solids?
close together, cant move , cant be compressed, cant flow and have a fixed volume and shape
67
what are the particles like in liquids?
close together but can move a bit and swap places. cant be compressed can flow but dont have a fixed volume
68
what are the particles in gas like?
particles are far away from each other and can move around a lot. it can be compressed and con flow but doesn't have a fixed volume.
69
what is gas to liquid?
condensation
70
what is gas to solid?
deposition
71
what is liquid to gas?
vaporisation/evaporation
72
what is liquid to solid?
solidification/freezing
73
what is solid to gas?
sublimation
74
what is solid to liquid?
fusion/melting
75
what is an endothermic reaction?
a chemical reaction which breaks bonds and absorbs heat
76
what is an exothermic reaction?
a chemical reaction which makes bonds and releases heat.
77
what are the elements of a scientific experiment?
1. question 2. hypothesis 3. experiment 4. observation 5. analysis 6. conclusion
78
what is the formula for pressure?
pressure= force/area
79
what is the formula for moment?
moment= forceXdistance
80
what is the formula for density?
density= mass/volume
81
what is the formula for work done?
work= forceXdistance
82
what is the formula for weight?
weight= massXgravity
83
what is the formula for speed?
speed= distance/time
84
what are the properties of metals?
``` conductor of heat and electricity shiny dense malleable ductile sonorous ```
85
what are the properties of non-metals?
``` poor conductor of heat and electricity dull low density brittle not sonorous ```
86
what happens when metal dissolves in water?
it makes an alkaline solution
87
non-metal solutions dissolve in water to make....
an acid solution
88
what is the equation when water reacts with metal?
metal+ water -> metal hydroxide + hydrogen
89
what are the elements in group 1?
alkali metals
90
what are the elements in group 7?
halogens
91
what are the elements in group 0?
noble gases
92
what is special about the molecules in polymers?
they are long
93
name the 7 energy stores.
chemical , elastic potential, gravitational potential , thermal , kinetic , magnetic
94
what is the low of conservation of energy?
energy cannot be created of destroyed it can only be transfered from store to store.
95
how can heat be transfered?
conduction , convention , radiation
96
in what order does convection occur?
1. particles are heated 2. they move and become less dense 3. they rise 4. then they cool 5. they contract an become dense again 6. they fall
97
what do hot objects emit?
infrared radiation
98
how is continuous variation displayed?
in a histogram.
99
how is discontinuous variation desplayed?
in a bar chart
100
what is latent heat?
extra heat which helps to break intracellular bonds when changing the state of matter.

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