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OSCE > Red flags > Flashcards

Red flags Flashcards

1
Q

Red flags of GERD / dyspepsia

A
  1. PUD-related (Malena, anorexia, nocturnal pain, food-provoked)
  2. Cancer (unexplained weight loss, night sweats)
  3. Esophagitis (dysphagia, odynophagia)
  4. Extraesophageal symptoms (dyspnea, asthma, chest pain)
  5. IBS (episodic abdo cramps, constipation/diarrhea)
  6. Heart attack (chest tightness)
  7. Drug-induced
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2
Q

Red flags of nausea/vomiting

A
  1. Drug/toxin induced
  2. Vestibular (dizziness, syncope, hearing impairment)
  3. Infections (fever, recent travel/contact history, mental status changes)
  4. CNS-related (speech/language impairment, facial droop, limb weakness)
  5. Trauma
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3
Q

Red flags of diarrhea

A
  1. Infections (Malena, N/V, fever, recent travel/contact history)
  2. IBD (weight loss, fatigue)
  3. IBS (alternating constipation & diarrhea)
  4. CRC (night sweats, family history, blood in stools)
  5. Drug-induced
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4
Q

Red flags of constipation

A
  1. CRC (night sweats, unexplained weight loss, blood in stool)
  2. Fecal impaction (N/V, severe pain, intermittent watery diarrhea)
  3. IBS (alternating constipation & diarrhea)
  4. Drug-induced
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5
Q

Red flags of hemorrhoids

A
  1. IBD & anal fissures (weight loss, low grade fever, fatigue)
  2. Anal carcinoma (night sweats, weight loss)
  3. Portal hypertension & varices (cirrhosis & complications)
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6
Q

Red flags of otic conditions

A
  1. Infections: otitis media/externa (fever, severe ear pain, hearing impairment)
  2. Tinnitus
  3. Trauma (insertion of objects)
  4. Post-surgery
  5. Drug-induced (furosemide, antiarrhythmics, cyclosporin, NSAIDs, abx)
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7
Q

Red flags of cough

A
  1. Asthma (wheezing, SOB, night symptoms)
  2. Pneumonia (fever, chest pain)
  3. TB/cancer (night sweats, hemoptysis, weight loss)
  4. Choking (swallowing of objects/water)
  5. Bronchitis (excessive sputum, >2 weeks)
  6. Drug-induced (ACEi)
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8
Q

Red flags of common cold (and sore throat)

A
  1. Otitis media (ear pain, hearing impairment, fever)
  2. Sinusitis (facial pain, fever)
  3. COVID (loss of smell, covid swab test)
  4. Influenza (rapid onset, myalgia, loss of appetite)
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9
Q

Red flags of allergic rhinitis

A
  1. Polyps (loss of smell, nose bleeds, unilateral)
  2. Infections (fever, myalgia, ear/facial pain, chest pain)
  3. Cancer (night sweats, weight loss)
  4. Trauma
  5. Asthma (difficulty breathing)
  6. Eye pain
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10
Q

Red flags of arthritis

A
  1. Osteomyelitis (fever)
  2. Rheumatoid arthritis (generalised fatigue, weight loss, bilateral symptoms)
  3. Cancer (night sweat, unexplained weight loss)
  4. Trauma
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11
Q

Red flags of lower back pain

A
  1. Persistent pain (lasting >4 weeks)
  2. Sciata (numbness and pain radiating on to the legs)
  3. Spinal cord injury (motor weakness, loss of bowel/urinary function)
  4. Cancer (night sweats, unexplained weight loss)
  5. Visceral disease (radiating from abdomen)
  6. Infections (fever)
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12
Q

Red flags of soft tissue injuries

A
  1. Fracture/tendon rupture (total loss of range of motion, sudden onset)
  2. Cancer (night sweats, unexplained weight loss)
  3. Inflammatory conditions (generalised fatigue)
  4. Infections (fever, confusion)
  5. Recent trauma
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13
Q

Red flags of myalgia

A
  1. Infections (fever, chills, confusion)
  2. Drug-induced (statins, fluoroquinolone)
  3. Rhabdomyolysis (brown urine)
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14
Q

Red flags of eye conditions

A
  1. Bacterial infections (unilateral, purulent discharge)
  2. Uveitis (photophobia)
  3. Glaucoma (eye fullness, severe pain)
  4. Trauma
  5. Blindness
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15
Q

Red flags of derm conditions

A
  1. Extensive disease
  2. Skin infections (purulent discharge, fever)
  3. Drug-induced (SCAR, systemic symptoms including fever, jaundice, heart conditions)
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16
Q

Red flags of headache

A
  1. Advance age
  2. Stroke (sudden onset, neurological deficits)
  3. Hemiplegic headache (autonomic features)
  4. Infections (fever, confusion)
  5. Cancer (night sweats)
  6. Positional headache
  7. Other insidious natures (changing character, worsening)
  8. Trauma
17
Q

Red flags of dizziness

A
  1. Blood loss (Malena, hemoptysis)
  2. Stroke (speech impairment, facial droop, limb weakness)
  3. ACS (chest tightness, palpitations)
  4. Infections (fever, confusion)
  5. Anemia (shortness of breath, orthopnea)

OSCE (1 decks)

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