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OSCE > Red Flags > Flashcards

Red Flags Flashcards

1
Q

Dyspepsia

A 
Blood in vomit or stools
Difficulty swallowing
Unexpected weight loss
Over 40 years and first presentation
Pain radiating down arm/cardiac association
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2
Q

GORD

A

Blood in vomit or stools
Difficulty swallowing
Unexpected weight loss
Over 40 years and first presentation

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3
Q

Colic

A

Failure to put on weight

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4
Q

Constipation

A 
Blood in stools
Bleeding from rectum
Nausea or vomiting
Abdominal pain
Changes in bowel habit >2 weeks
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5
Q

Diarrhoea

A 
Blood in stools
Mucus in stools
White fat-like liquid in stools
Severe abdominal pain
Lasting ≥1 day in children <1yr
Lasting ≥2 days in children <3yrs and the elderly
Lasting ≥3 days in older children and adults
Changes in bowel habit >2 weeks
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6
Q

Irritable bowel syndrome

A 
Blood in stools
White fat-like liquid in stools
Unexpected weight loss
Severe abdominal pain
Undiagnosed IBS
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7
Q

Haemorrhoids (piles)

A

Blood in stools
Unexpected weight loss
Severe abdominal pain when emptying bowels

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8
Q

Cough

A 
Chest pain
Pain on inspiration
Wheezing
Shortness of breath
Coughing up blood
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9
Q

Cold

A 
Ear pain
Muscle ache/chills/fatigue/dry cough and vulnerable group
Pain on inspiration
Wheezing
Shortness of breath
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10
Q

Hayfever (seasonal allergic rhinitis)

A

Unilateral nasal blockage

Muscle ache/chills/fatigue/dry cough and vulnerable group

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11
Q

Teething in children

A

Meningitis symptoms: Excessive sleepiness or irritability/ vomiting or feeding poorly/crying a lot (moaning or high-pitched crying)/ high temperature, but look pale or blotchy/ cold extremities/bulging soft spot (fontanelle) on their head/being stiff, jerky, or have seizures (fits)*/purpuric rash (one which does not blanch white on pressure)

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12
Q

Musculoskeletal pain – strains, sprains and bruises

A 
Unusual unintended bruising
Weakness/numbness/tingling
Bladder/bowel issues since MSK injury presented
Suspected fracture
Infections signs
Nocturnal sweats/pain
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13
Q

Headache and migraine

A

Different to previous headaches
Head injury
Meningitis symptoms: neck stiffness/vomiting/fever/rash/fainting/blackouts/ seizures

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14
Q

Sleep problems

A

Associated anxiety

Associated low mood

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15
Q

Travel sickness

A

none

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16
Q

Threadworm

A

Travel abroad
Insomnia
Weight loss
Repeated occurrence

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17
Q

Head lice

A

Signs of infection due to intensive itching

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18
Q

Scabies

A

Signs of infection due to intensive itching

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19
Q

Herpes simplex

A

Signs of infection
Lesions elsewhere on face or body
Eyes affected
Painless sores

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20
Q

Shingles

A

Immunosuppresion

Eyes affected

21
Q

Athlete’s foot

A

Signs of infection at wound site and systemic signs
Diabetics
Nail involvement

22
Q

Fungal nail

A

Signs of infection at wound site and systemic signs
Diabetics
More than 2 toenails affected
Nail trauma

23
Q

Ringworm

A

Signs of infection at wound site and systemic signs

24
Q

Sweat rash

A

Signs of infection at wound site and systemic signs

25
Q

Impetigo

A

Eczema
Other medical conditions
Signs of infection

26
Q

Boil

A

Recurring boils

Signs of infection at wound site and systemic signs

27
Q

Chickenpox, slapped cheek, hand foot & mouth, whooping cough

A

Meningitis symptoms

Septicaemia symptoms

28
Q

Lower urinary tract infection

A 
Blood in urine
Signs of systemic infection – fever, sick/nausea
Loin or back tenderness
Unusual vaginal discharge
Diabetics
29
Q

Vaginal thrush (vulvovaginal candidiasis)

A 
Lower abdominal pain
Dysuria (painful urination)
Signs of systemic infection – fever, sick/nausea
Abnormal vaginal bleeding
Blood stained discharge
Diabetics
30
Q

Dysmenorrhoea

A

Abnormal/severe bleeding
Late period
Signs of systemic infection – fever, sick/nausea
Dull continuous pain, or severe lower abdominal pain that doesn’t decrease as your period ends

31
Q

Conjunctivitis

A 
Loss of vision
Visual disturbances
Photophobia
Red eye – around coloured part of eye
Eye injury history related to presenting complaint
Recent eye surgery
Vomiting
32
Q

Dry eye

A 
Loss of vision
Visual disturbances
Photophobia
Signs of infection
Eyelid involvement
33
Q

Ear care – ear wax and ear infections

A 
Foreign body in ear
Dizziness
Tinnitus
Discharge
Severe pain
Itchiness
Hearing loss
34
Q

Mouth ulcers (aphthous ulcers)

A 
Painless ulcer
Ulcers > 1 cm in diameter or ulcers occurring in large number (crops of 5-10 or more)
Sore tongue and corners of mouth
Coincides with menstruation
Associated diarrhoea
35
Q

Dry mouth (xerostomia)

A 
Receiving radiotherapy or chemotherapy
Increased urination
Dehydration signs
Dry eyes
Joint pain
Dysphagia
36
Q

Oropharyngeal candidiasis

A

Oropharyngeal candidiasis

37
Q

Axial cheilitis (angular stomatitis)

A 
Fatigues
Shortness of breath
Headached
Signs of infection
Ulceration in mouth
38
Q

Sore throat

A 
Signs of infection
Dysphagia
Difficult breathing
Tonsillar exudate
Swollen glands
39
Q

Eczema

A

Signs of infection
Facial involvement
Widespread area
Refer after 7 days if OTC is recommended

40
Q

Contact dermatitis

A

Signs of infection
Facial involvement
Widespread area
Refer after 7 days if OTC is recommended

41
Q

Seborrhoeic scalp conditions

A 
Signs of infection
Redness of scalp
Scaly scalp
Lesions on other parts of the body
Hair loss
Refer after 4 weeks if OTC is recommended
42
Q

Psoriasis

A

Signs of infection
Widespread
Itchy lesions
Refer after 2 weeks

43
Q

Urticaria

A 
Anaphylaxis (swelling of face, arms or neck)
Difficulty breathing
Tight throat/chest
Signs of infection
Widespread rash
Refer after 2 days
44
Q

Verrucas and warts

A 
Diabetes
Change in size or colour
Itching
Bleeding
Warts on facial or genital area
Widespread effect
Refer after 3 months
45
Q

Nappy rash

A

Rash present anywhere other than nappy area
Signs of infection
Diarrhoea

46
Q

Acne vulgaris

A

Moderate to severe acne

47
Q

Burns or scalds

A

Greater than the patients hand size
Burns on face, hands, feet, genitalia, flexure and axillary
Blistering
Pale/charred burn
Refer after 7-21 days or if signs of infection present

48
Q

Bites and stings

A

Signs of infection

Refer after 3-5 days

OSCE (1 decks)

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