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OHP II > Red Eye > Flashcards

Red Eye Flashcards

1
Q

what is considered chronic conjunctivitis?

A

when it is lasting > 3 weeks

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2
Q

in a red eye, a miotic pupil may suggest

A

iritis

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3
Q

in a red eye, a fixed mid dilated pupil may suggest

A

angle closure

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4
Q

in a red eye, an irregular pupil/ fixed may suggest

A

posterior synechiae

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5
Q

in a red eye, an APD may suggest

A

orbital cellulitis, endopthalmitis

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6
Q

in a red eye, a blown pupil may suggest

A

trauma

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7
Q

in a red eye, if you found restrictions on EOMS, what would be some DDxs

A

graves, orbital cellulitis, trauma

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8
Q

upper lid and lateral canthus drain into which node?

A

pre-auricular nodes

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9
Q

lower lid and medial canthus drain in which node?

A

submandibular node

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10
Q

lymph nodes with EKC (epidemic keratoconjunctivitis) are:

A
  • palpable

- tender

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11
Q

lymph nodes with PCF (pharngyeal conjunctival, fever) are:

A

-palpable
-non-tender
(may be tender as well)

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12
Q

lymph nodes with Herpes Simplex or Herpes Zoster are:

A
  • palpable

- tender

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13
Q

lymph nodes with inclusion conjunctivitis (caused by chlamydia) are:

A
  • palpable

- non-tender

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14
Q

lymph nodes with hyperacute conjunctivitis (caused by gonnorhea) are:

A
  • palpable

- tender

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15
Q

lymph nodes with pre-septal cellulitis or orbital cellulitis are

A
  • palpable

- tender

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16
Q

lymph nodes with ocular-glandular syndrome (syphilis, tularemia, cat scratch) are:

A
  • visible
  • palpable
  • tender
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17
Q

lymph node involvement in a red eye usually indicates:

A

viral disease

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18
Q

what red-eye disease can cause neuro-retinitis?

A

cat scratch disease

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19
Q

what diseases can a fever help differentiate

A

preseptal vs. orbital cellulitis

orbital typically presents with temp > 102 degrees

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20
Q

DDx for swelling/edema in red eye

A
  • preseptal cellulitis
  • orbital cellulitis
  • rxn to drops
  • severe dry eye/ MGD
  • viral
  • Grave’s (proptosis, baby eyelids)
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21
Q

1 cause of bilateral proptosis is

A

Grave’s disease

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22
Q

what can vitiligo be associated with?

A

uveitis (some)

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23
Q

what can a port wine stain be associated with?

A

Sterge-Weber

glaucoma angle closure associated

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24
Q

what is it called when palpebral conj is stuck to bulbar conj? what can is be associated with?

A

called symblepheron

-can be associated with chemical burns, chronic inflammation, Steven’s Johnson syndrome

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25
Q

indications for performing exophthalmometry

A
  • proptosis
  • Grave’s
  • Tumor
  • Enophthalmos
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26
Q

exophthalmometry norms for children

A

14.5 - 16 mm

27
Q

exophthalmometry norms for caucasians

A

12 - 20 mm

28
Q

exophthalmometry norms for African Americans

A

12 - 24 mm

29
Q

exophthalmometry norms for Asians

A

12 - 18 mm

30
Q

exophthalmometry measurements should be within ___ mm of each other

A

2 mm

31
Q

if there is greater than a __ mm difference between the eyes on exophthalmometry, further investigation should be done

A

3 or greater

32
Q

which exophthalmometry has a base number to record

A

Hertel

33
Q

which exophthalmometry is transparent, faster, easiest, least expensive, but not as accurate

A

Luedde

34
Q

demodex (parasite) “mites” in the lashes are called

A

folliculorum

35
Q

demodex (parasite) “mites” in the meibomian glands are called

A

brevis

36
Q

how does demodex “mites” survive and cause damage?

A

0eat epithelial cells at hair follicle

  • microabrasions from claws lead to cylindrical dandruff at base of lashes
  • inflammation due to chitin (extoskeleton)
37
Q

treatment for demodex (mites)

A
  • tea tree oil (needs to be mixed with something else since dangerous to cornea)
  • Cilradex wipes (with tee tree oil)
  • ointment to suffocate them
  • warm compresses
  • lid scrubs
38
Q

describe the debridement-scaling technique

A

-remove devitalized tissue and debris from line of marx (LOM), area of contact between the lid margin and bulbar conj/cornea with lissamine green and spud tool

39
Q

which one of the following tools is less risky at squeezing meibomian glands too hard and damaging them? (Mastrota paddle or tears meibomian expresser forcep)

A

Mastrota paddle less risky

40
Q

what is meibography useful for?

A

to look at meibomian glands and to see atrophy or drop out

41
Q

a diffuse beefy engorged vessels usually more prominent in the inferior 1/3 of the conj (especially the fornices) is descriptive of a:

A

bacterial

42
Q

diffuse injection can be descriptive of

A

viral, scleritis, corneal ulcer, blepharoconjunctivitis, herpes simplex keratitis, herpes zoster keratitis, toxic conjunctivitis

43
Q

very mild diffuse injection (chemosis is greater) is indicative of

A

allergic

44
Q

circumlimbal pattern is descriptive of

A

uveitis, angle closure, CLARE- contact lens associated red eye

45
Q

sectoral pattern is descriptive of a

A

episcleritis, pingueculitis, inflamed ptyregium, phylectenulosis, foreign body

46
Q

sub conj heme is indicative of

A

trauma, valsalva, blood too thin (INR), hypertension

47
Q

corkscrew injection indicative of

A

carotid cavernous sinus fistula

48
Q

in what conditions can you see conjunctival chemosis? which is most common?

A
  • most often seen in allergic conjunctivitis

- can be seen in other types of inflammation/ infection such as endophthalmitis, orbital cellulitis, retrobulbar mass

49
Q

define chemosis

A

protein rich fluid leaking from walls of inflamed blood vessels

50
Q

in what conditions do you see papilla?

A

bacterial, allergic, toxic, VKC, SLL or any chronic irritation

51
Q

what is a papillae and what does it look like?

A
  • raised small bumps (0.1 to 0.2mm)
  • location of humoral immunity and site of release of PMN and eosinophils
  • each papilla has central vessel running to surface
  • GPC > 1.0 mm
52
Q

what are follicles and what do they look like?

A
  • pale, yellow-white, elevated nodules
  • aggregate of lymphocytes
    0. 5-1.0 mm in size (5x size of papillae)
  • not vascular (no central blood vessel)
  • most marked in lower tarsal conj
53
Q

what is folloculosis?

A

children can develop it- a follicular response with no etiology

54
Q

what are some causes of follicles?

A

viral, chlamydial or toxic

55
Q

pseudomembrane can be indicative of a

A

adenoviral infection

56
Q

true membranes can be indicative of

A

gonnhorrea, Stevens-Johnson, chemical/thermal burn

57
Q

“conjugated exudate adherent to the conj epithelium” is describing

A

pseudomembrane

58
Q

“coagulated exudate infiltrating the conj epithelium” is describing

A

true membrane

59
Q

copious, overflowing mucopurulent discharge describes

A

hyperacute (gonorrhea)

60
Q

mucopurulent discharge describes

A

bacterial

61
Q

watery discharge describes

A

acute allergy/ viral

62
Q

thin, ropy transparent mucus discharge describes

A

chronic bacterial (lasting more than 3 weeks)

63
Q

thick, ropy mucoid discharge describes

A

vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC)

64
Q

frothing describes

A

MGD

OHP II (6 decks)

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