Rectifiers and Battery Chargers: Part A Flashcards by Darren MacDonald

Rms stands for?

Root mean square

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Average dc value is equal to what?

Instantaneous value at any time

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One cylce is represented as how many °

360°

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Period (t) is a time measured over?

One complete cycle. 360°

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Period foumula

T= 1/f

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Frequency formula

F = 1/T

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Peak value is known as

Maximum value

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Peak to peak value if a sine wave is voltage or current?

Both

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Peak to peak is always how much

Twice the peak voltage

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Veff formula

Vmax/root2

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Effective value is also known as

Rms value

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Vrms formula?

Vmax/root2

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Voltmeters read what type of voltage

Effective/rms

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Averge value of a sine wave taken over a complete cycle is always ?

Zero because + / - values

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Meter set to dc on a pure ac source will read

Zero

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Double subscript notation is used when

Polarity of one point in a cct with respect to second point

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What does a dc meter measure

Average

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Touch lead together of a ohm meter reads

Zero

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Olm meter OL means

Open cct

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Ammeter has a resistance of

Zero

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Oscilloscope measure

Harmonics, ground fault test current abd instrumentation signals

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Transducer on oscilloscope

Converts the measured quantity into a voltagw signal and displays a graph

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If two scope leads each have a reference lead, should both reference leads be connected go the cct or isolated

One isolated

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Valence electrons the most outershell

Valence shell

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Conductors have high or low resistance?

Vety low resistance

Good conductors have how many valence electrons?

One two or three cause little energy is required for dislodge the electrons from the atom

Electrons that loosely bound to the atom are called

Free electrons. Cause little resistance Like copper gold silver aluminum

Elements that have 5-8 valence electrons behave as?

Insulators

Semiconductors as insulators

Neither good or bad insulators

Semi condutors have how many valene electrons

What material is most commonly used in a semi conductor?

Silicon But germanium is also used

Electronic devices made from semi conductor are known as

Solid state devices

Colalent bonds has how many valence electrons?

Each atom shares itd four valence electrons with the adjoining stoms causing material to act as a if each atom had 8 electrons in the outer shell

Voltage is applied to ptype material the tendecy is for electrons too

Shift into holes closer to the positive terminal and leaving behind new holes

Photoconductive cells are known as

Light dependent resistors LDR

When energy is applied to semi conductor material what happens to electrons

Break their covalent bond

What is photoconduction?

Property that exhibits lower resistance when exposed to light energy

PN junction

P type and n type material formed side by side in the same semi conductor

Diode behaves as a

Switch

Arrow head points towards

Away from anode and towards the cathode

Barrier voltage of germanium?

0.3v

Barrier voltage of silicon

0.7v

A diode that will not allow current to flow if the anode is negative with respect to the cathode is called

Reverse bias

Ideal reverse diode resistance is

Infinity

Characteristic curve vertical and horizontal

Vertical is current Horizontal is voltage

Voltages above safe maximum that cause diode to break down are called

Breakdown voltage and avalance voltage

Diode current ratings?

Low Medium High

Medium current diodes are?

Stud mounted or press fit

Stud mounted with a pigtail diodes are typically in what Amp range

150a to 500a

Type of large current carrying diode

Hockey puk

VRRM

Repetitive reverse maxium

Reverse voltage rating can be listed as

Vrrm Vpr

How to check a diode

Multimeter or component tester

3 common diodes

Freewheeling Directional Rectifier

Freewheeling diode is used,m

Control the destructive effect of the cemf ehen the switch is opened in a dc cct

Freewheeling diode is also known as

Suppression or Protection

Other names for directional diodes?

Blocking Steering Isolating

Diodes and batteries

Diodes prevent tje battery with the highest voltage from acting like a power source and discharging into other batteries

Fire alarm bells use what type of diode

Blocking diodes

Led stands for

Light emitting diode

Rectifter changes what

Ac to dc

Two types of doped semi conductive materials

P type N type

When light shines on a LDR what happens to the resistance

Decreases

Open switch reads how much v

Source voltage

Open switch reads how much current

Zero

Closed switch reads how much vols

Zero

Closed switch reads how much current

It will read how ever many amps

Why is effective voltage used in ac

Effective heat

What is frequently

Cycles per second

Vp formula

Vrms/0.707

Ntype has what charge

Neutral but behaves negative

Ptype charge is

Neutral but behaves postive

What is a simple and practical method of showing correct battery connection polarity?

Use a light emitting diode