Recovery+Rebirth (332-343)

Question 1

What is the timeline leading up to Ren.?

Answer 1

End of Roman Emp->Mid Ages->Ren.

Question 2

What is the Mid Ages characterized by?

Answer 2

Darkness, + lack of classical culture

Question 3

What did the Civilization of Ren. by Burchhardt talk about?

Answer 3

Italy was the birth of the modern world. *He talked a lot Abt perfection and not the imp of religion.

Question 4

What were the main characteristics of Italian Ren. Society

Answer 4

1. Rich Ind. city states= more money for secular spirit
2. Recovery (black death, polit. dis., + econ recess
3. Individual ability

Question 5

What did Leon Alberti basically say in a famous quote of his?

Answer 5

men can do ANYTHING

Question 6

What’s a “universal person”?

Answer 6

A well rounded person that is great at many things

Question 7

What was a Ren. Banquet for?

Answer 7

Public + Relig. festivals. Was a sign of status to impress others

Question 7

What was the main trading fleet for Italy called?

Answer 7

Venetian Flanders Fleet

Question 8

Where did Venetian fleet go?

Answer 8

England, Netherlands, Med Sea, Atlantic Sea

Question 9

What was the Hanseatic League (AKA “Queen of Hansa”)?

Answer 9

A powerful commercial + military association based in northern Germ coast with much influence in Northern Euro in 1500s.

Question 10

What was the importance of the city Bruges?

Answer 10

It was a econ crossroad btw the Hanseatic and Flanders Fleet.

Question 11

Why couldn’t the Venetians trade in the east Med.?

Answer 11

The ottomans were restrictive.

Question 12

What industry recovered during the Ren in Flanders and Northern Italy?

Answer 12

wool

Question 13

What industries were favored more than textiles?

Answer 13

printing, mining, metal (also luxury items started to increase)

Question 14

How did machines help mining?

Answer 14

Dig deeper, separate metal from ore, and purification

Question 15

What was the effect of more metalworking and finding bigger iron deposits?

Answer 15

More firearms and crude weapons

Question 16

Who were the Medici?

Answer 16

Family in Florence that had the greatest bank in Euro (“House of Medici”), bankers for the papal court,

Question 17

What industry was the Medici Fam originally in?

Answer 17

Cloth

Question 18

What industries did the Medici have control in?

Answer 18

wool, silk, and alum mining

Question 19

What was the downfall of the Medici?

Answer 19

Poor leadership and loans caused the French to expel them from Florence and seize all their property

Question 20

What social structure from the Mid. Ages carried on to the Ren.?

Answer 20

The 3 estate system. 1st (clergy) 2nd (nobility) 3rd (peasants)

Question 21

what were nobles like during the Ren.?

Answer 21

Dominated society b/c reconstruction of the aristocracy

Question 22

How did nobles maintain their positions?

Answer 22

education

Question 23

What book teaches you to be an “ideal noble” in the Ren.

Answer 23

The book of courtier by Castiglione

Question 24

What is an "ideal Noble?

Answer 24

1. native endowments 2. be fit (military) 3. classical edu (play instr, paint) 4. be modest

Question 25

What is a nobles purpose?

Answer 25

to serve prince effectively + honestly

Question 26

How were peasants + townspeople?

Answer 26

maj of population, most peasants legally free (workers not servants) b/c decline of manorial sys and serfdom

Question 27

Who were the bourgeoisie?

Answer 27

3rd estate people but merchants and artisans

Question 28

What is the hierarchy of Urban society?

Answer 28

Top= patricitans petty burghers (shop art) property less worker unemployed Slaves

Question 29

What was slavery like in the Ren.?

Answer 29

Agri slave down but still domestic slaves

Question 30

Why was slavery brought back?

Answer 30

Reconquista and black death

Question 31

How were slaves used in It.?

Answer 31

skilled workers, nursemaids, playmates, concubines

Question 32

Where to get It. slaves?

Answer 32

East Med. Black Sea, Africa, Spain

Question 33

Why did Slavery decline in It. at the end of the 15th cen.?

Answer 33

humanitarian issues, source of them dried up, slaves were "too dangerous"

Question 34

Who was Saint Maurice?

Answer 34

Christian martyr and black knight + eventually center of a cult

Question 35

What was Fam like in It. Ren.?

Answer 35

extended household, and security

Question 36

vendetta

Answer 36

crime committed by one family member = crime committed by whole family

Question 37

what was marriage like?

Answer 37

arranged, done in advance,

Question 38

Dowry

Answer 38

Amount of money that from the wife's family to the husband

Question 39

what was the father role like?

Answer 39

center of Fam, legal+financial matters, authority

Question 40

what was adulthood like in It. Fam?

Answer 40

has to be formally freed by father

Question 41

what was the wife's role?

Answer 41

1. CHILDREN and manage household

Question 42

wet nurse

Answer 42

women who would breast feed a wealthy womans child so she could get pregnant faster

Question 43

What was childbirth like?

Answer 43

deadly +painful

Question 44

What was the survival rate of a child?

Answer 44

50% of merchant children die before 20

Question 45

What book talks about It. family life?

Answer 45

On the Family by Leon Alberti (book)

Question 46

What was imp in marriage negotiations?

Answer 46

Fam reputation, dowry, beauty, + talent

Question 47

What were the sex norms in It. Ren.?

Answer 47

Sex down, men can do whatever while women have guidelines

Question 48

Why would they want sex out of marriage?

Answer 48

no attraction b/c arranged, also great age diff

Question 49

How was prostitution viewed?

Answer 49

necessary

Question 50

How was prostitution regulated?

Answer 50

communal brothels, traditional garb w/ bell to make them known in public

Question 51

What were the 5 major states?

Answer 51

Milan, Venice, Florence, papal states, Naples

Question 52

What did Francesco Sforza (a condottieri) do?

Answer 52

conquered MIlan + made it into a centralized territorial state

Question 53

What was Venice like?

Answer 53

stable, small oligarchy (merchants +aristocrats), lots of money and power