Reconstruction & The Jim Crow Era Flashcards
What does the 13th Amendment do?
Outlaws slavery
What does the 14th Amendment do?
- Defines Citizenship to include all people.
- Declares that laws have to apply to everyone equally.
What does the 15th Amendment do?
- Makes it illegal to prevent citizens from voting based on race, color, or for being a former slave.
- African American men can vote.
When is Reconstruction?
1865-1877
What is Reconstruction?
The period of recovery & reintegration of the South.
What is a Carpetbagger?
Derogatory term for a Northerner who was seen as intruding on the South during Reconstruction.
What is a Scalawag?
- Southern Whites who collaborate with Reconstruction governments.
- Southerners who did not actively oppose Reconstruction.
Who is the President after the assassination of Abraham Lincoln?
Andrew Johnson
These were laws passed in the South during Presidential Reconstruction designed to limit the freedoms of formerly enslaved people.
Black Codes
Who was the first African American Senator?
Hiram Revels
This political agreement made Rutherford B. Hayes President & ended Reconstruction.
The Compromise of 1877
Poll Taxes & Literacy Tests were designed to limit people’s right to ________.
Vote
This era spans from 1877 to the 1960’s & describes a system of white supremacy.
The Jim Crow Era
- This was a loophole for white people around the Jim Crow laws that prevented people from voting.
- This is the way that poor illiterate white people could still vote.
The “Grandfather Law”
What is de jure segregation & where was it practiced?
The South
Segregation by law.
What is de facto segregation & where was it practiced?
- The North
- Segregation by custom
This is the practice of requiring separate housing, education and other services based on color or race.
Segregation
Sharecropping was a system where people would trade their _______ for crops.
Labor
Sharecroppers often could not stop working for landowners because__________.
They were in debt.
What was the biggest problem for African Americans in the South during this period?
Malnutrition / disease / starvation
What was the goal of the KKK & and other terror organizations?
To enforce white supremacy through violence & intimidation.
What kind of people start the KKK?
Confederate veterans
-They were often led by Confederate officers.
What kind of people did the KKK target?
Political Leaders, Heads of families, church & community group leaders.
Immigrants from Europe stop coming to work in Northern factories because of this war:
WWI
Where do most people settle (move to) during The Great Migration?
Major Northern Cities: New York, Chicago, Philadelphia, Detroit & others.
What kind of work did black Americans find there?
Men-Factories, Slaughterhouses, Foundries- Hard Labor
Women- Low wage domestic jobs (nannies, cooks, housekeepers)
