Reconstruction

Question 1

When was Lincoln President?

Answer 1

1861-1865

Question 2

What was the Ten Percent Plan and when was it introduced?

Answer 2

Introduced in 1865, the plan stated that in order to be readmitted into the Union the Confederate states must have 10% of the electorate make an oath of future allegiance to the Union, support all acts of Congress on slavery and allow African Americans to vote.

Question 3

Who was unhappy with the Ten Percent Plan?

Answer 3

Those who preferred Radical Reconstruction in Congress, preferring to punish the South and empower African American’s.

Question 4

When was the Thirteenth Amendment passed and what did it entail?

Answer 4

In 1865, legally freed all slaves.

Question 5

What was the Wade Davis Bill?

Answer 5

Created by two senators as an alternative to the Ten Percent Plan it stated that in order to be readmitted to the Union the Confederate states must: 50% of electorate swear oath of future and past allegiance to the Union, state constitution abolishes slavery, confederate officials banned from ever having government.

Question 6

What happened to the Wade Davis Bill?

Answer 6

It was vetoed by Lincoln however, the oath was accepted later on by Johnson.

Question 7

What was the Freedmen’s Bureau and when was it established?

Answer 7

This was a US agency set up in 1865, for one year, which would help African Americans integrate into society as free people. It would provide advice on employment and set up schools for African American’s. Set up by Congress and Lincoln.

Question 8

What appears to be Lincoln’s attitude towards Reconstruction?

Answer 8

Appears he wishes to unite the US as quickly as possible to prevent the breaking up of states into smaller countries which is why he did not focus on punishment but rather a quick, smooth and reasonable redamation.

Question 9

When was Johnson president?

Answer 9

1865-69

Question 10

What were the Black codes in 1866?

Answer 10

These emerged in the South as a way of controlling the now freed African American population by forcing them into employment for white people, denying education and restriction of freedom.

Question 11

When was the Civil Rights Bill passed?

Answer 11

1866

Question 12

What did the Civil Rights Bill do?

Answer 12

Gave African Americans basic rights and prohibited discrimination.

Question 13

What did Johnson do to the Civil Rights Bill and what followed?

Answer 13

Johnson vetoed the bill but for the first time in history Congress overturned the veto with a 2/3 majority.

Question 14

Why was the Tenure of Office Act passed by Congress? And when?

Answer 14

In 1867 the Tenure of Office Act prevented the President from removing a host office holder, this was to protect the Secretary of State Stanton who was an open, fierce critic of Johnson’s reconstruction policy.

Question 15

Why was Johnson impeached and when?

Answer 15

He has dismissed Stanton, ignoring the 1867 Tenure of Office Act. In 1868 he was just 1 vote short of impeachment.

Question 16

What did the Military Reconstruction Bill do? When was it passed?

Answer 16

Passed in 1867 it had put all (except Tennessee) Confederate states under 5 military districts under Federal Commanders. If wanting to be readmitted into the Union the states had to pass the 14th Amendment and accept black suffrage.

Question 17

What was Johnson’s approach to Reconstruction?

Answer 17

He did not wish to punish the South, but he instead sympathised with them which is what caused such a rocky relationship between him and Congress who mostly consisted of Radicals.

Question 18

When was Grant President?

Answer 18

1869-1877: Two terms.

Question 19

When and what was the Fifteenth Amendment?

Answer 19

Passed in 1869, it had stated that the vote shall not be denied on account of race, colour or previous servitude.

Question 20

What was Grants approach to Reconstruction?

Answer 20

He believed in punishment of the South and continued the military rule of the South (no more than 20,000 troops in all of South) with corrupt governments that were ran by the despised Carpetbaggers and Scalawags. He was mostly disliked in the South and so were most Northerners.

Question 21

How did the South feel towards the North?

Answer 21

Felt like the North was out to destroy their way of life. There were clear cultural, economic and political divisions between the North and the South and Reconstruction had made these even more intense.

Question 22

What marked the end of Reconstruction?

Answer 22

The compromise of 1877

Question 23

What was the Compromise of 1877?

Answer 23

The Republican Hayes would be accepted as president and given the White House if all military troops were removed from the South and if Carpetbaggers would be removed. This ended Northern attempt at changing the Southern way of life.

Question 24

What is Radical Reconstruction?

Answer 24

This is Congressional Reconstruction determined by the Republican dominated Congress. Republicans seized the role of Reconstruction passing their own acts such as The Military Reconstruction Bill, Civil Rights Bill, Tenure of Office Act.