Recognize infectious disease and their relationship to patient and occupational risk Flashcards
Identify modes of disease transmission
1) Virulence
2) Concentration (numbers)
3) Host resistance
4) Portal of entry
Virulence
Describes the ability of the pathogen to overcome the individuals body defenses and cause disease
Concentration
Refers to the number of pathogens that are present. The more pathogen’s that are present, the better their chances of overwhelming the host and producing disease.
Host resistance
Is the ability of the human body to resist a pathogen.
Portal of entry
Refers to the method by which the pathogen enters the body
Acute infection
Symptoms often are severe and usually appear soon after the initial infection and a curse have short duration
Chronic infection
Are those in which the micro organism is present for a long duration
Latent infection
Is a persistent infection in which the symptoms come and go example cold sores and General herpes
Opportunistic infection
Which are caused by normally non-pathogenic organisms occur in individuals who is resistance is decreased or compromised
Direct transmission
Occurs through person-to-person contact
Aerosol, spray, or splatter
That are generated during dental treatment can contain blood saliva and nasal secretions
Parenteral transmission
Means through the skin, as with cuts or punctures.
Blood-borne transmission
Are carried in the blood and bodily fluids of infected individuals.
Food and water transmission
I contaminated food that has not been cooked a refrigerated properly.
Fecal-oral transmission
Can occur from not properly washing hands after using the restroom
Naturally acquired immunity
Occurs when a person has previously contracted a disease and recovered
Artificially acquired immunity
Vaccinated
Patient to dental team
Micro organisms from the patient’s mouth can be passed to the dental team
Dental team to patient
If a team member has a cut or cold to properly cover themselves
Patient to patient
The use of contaminated instruments on another patient
Inhalation
Breathing aerosols generated from handpieces or the air water syringe or the uncovered ultrasonic cleaning device.
Ingestion
Swallowing droplets of blood or saliva splattered into the mouth bare hands come in to contact with contaminated surfaces or items and the hands then handle food items
Indirect
First are transmitted to an object or surface and then our transferred to another person who touches those objects or surfaces
Droplet/ airborne
Contact with infectious lesions or infected blood and or saliva
Hepatitis B immunization
OSHA requires the dentist to offer the heck the virus series to all employees whose jobs include category one in category two tasks
